From 23913e0598d23ec5948b71ea78c549b39cecf764 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Adam Stankiewicz <sheerun@sher.pl>
Date: Sun, 8 Mar 2015 21:32:50 -0700
Subject: Update

---
 syntax/c.vim     |   70 ++-
 syntax/cpp.vim   |   15 +-
 syntax/html.vim  |    6 +-
 syntax/jade.vim  |    2 +-
 syntax/perl6.vim | 1778 +++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------------------
 syntax/scala.vim |   31 +-
 6 files changed, 821 insertions(+), 1081 deletions(-)

(limited to 'syntax')

diff --git a/syntax/c.vim b/syntax/c.vim
index 09bd6020..ac4909ed 100644
--- a/syntax/c.vim
+++ b/syntax/c.vim
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 " Vim syntax file
 " Language:	C
 " Maintainer:	Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
-" Last Change:	2013 Jul 05
+" Last Change:	2015 Mar 05
 
 " Quit when a (custom) syntax file was already loaded
 if exists("b:current_syntax")
@@ -35,28 +35,37 @@ syn match	cSpecial	display contained "\\\(x\x\+\|\o\{1,3}\|.\|$\)"
 if !exists("c_no_utf")
   syn match	cSpecial	display contained "\\\(u\x\{4}\|U\x\{8}\)"
 endif
-if exists("c_no_cformat")
-  syn region	cString		start=+L\="+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"+ end=+"+ contains=cSpecial,@Spell extend
-  " cCppString: same as cString, but ends at end of line
-  if !exists("cpp_no_cpp11") " ISO C++11
-    syn region cCppString	start=+\(L\|u\|u8\|U\|R\|LR\|u8R\|uR\|UR\)\="+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"\|\\$+ excludenl end=+"+ end='$' contains=cSpecial,cFormat,@Spell
-  else
-    syn region cCppString	start=+L\="+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"\|\\$+ excludenl end=+"+ end='$' contains=cSpecial,cFormat,@Spell
-  endif
-  syn region	cCppOut2	contained start="0" end="^\s*\(%:\|#\)\s*\(endif\>\|else\>\|elif\>\)" contains=cSpaceError,cCppSkip
-  syn region	cCppSkip	contained start="^\s*\(%:\|#\)\s*\(if\>\|ifdef\>\|ifndef\>\)" skip="\\$" end="^\s*\(%:\|#\)\s*endif\>" contains=cSpaceError,cCppSkip
-else
+
+if !exists("c_no_cformat")
+  " Highlight % items in strings.
   if !exists("c_no_c99") " ISO C99
     syn match	cFormat		display "%\(\d\+\$\)\=[-+' #0*]*\(\d*\|\*\|\*\d\+\$\)\(\.\(\d*\|\*\|\*\d\+\$\)\)\=\([hlLjzt]\|ll\|hh\)\=\([aAbdiuoxXDOUfFeEgGcCsSpn]\|\[\^\=.[^]]*\]\)" contained
   else
     syn match	cFormat		display "%\(\d\+\$\)\=[-+' #0*]*\(\d*\|\*\|\*\d\+\$\)\(\.\(\d*\|\*\|\*\d\+\$\)\)\=\([hlL]\|ll\)\=\([bdiuoxXDOUfeEgGcCsSpn]\|\[\^\=.[^]]*\]\)" contained
   endif
   syn match	cFormat		display "%%" contained
+endif
+
+" cCppString: same as cString, but ends at end of line
+if s:ft ==# "cpp" && !exists("cpp_no_cpp11") && !exists("c_no_cformat")
+  " ISO C++11
+  syn region	cString		start=+\(L\|u\|u8\|U\|R\|LR\|u8R\|uR\|UR\)\="+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"+ end=+"+ contains=cSpecial,cFormat,@Spell extend
+  syn region 	cCppString	start=+\(L\|u\|u8\|U\|R\|LR\|u8R\|uR\|UR\)\="+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"\|\\$+ excludenl end=+"+ end='$' contains=cSpecial,cFormat,@Spell
+elseif s:ft ==# "c" && !exists("c_no_c11") && !exists("c_no_cformat")
+  " ISO C99
+  syn region	cString		start=+\%(L\|U\|u8\)\="+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"+ end=+"+ contains=cSpecial,cFormat,@Spell extend
+  syn region	cCppString	start=+\%(L\|U\|u8\)\="+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"\|\\$+ excludenl end=+"+ end='$' contains=cSpecial,cFormat,@Spell
+else
+  " older C or C++
+  syn match	cFormat		display "%%" contained
   syn region	cString		start=+L\="+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"+ end=+"+ contains=cSpecial,cFormat,@Spell extend
-  " cCppString: same as cString, but ends at end of line
   syn region	cCppString	start=+L\="+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"\|\\$+ excludenl end=+"+ end='$' contains=cSpecial,cFormat,@Spell
 endif
 
+syn region	cCppSkip	contained start="^\s*\(%:\|#\)\s*\(if\>\|ifdef\>\|ifndef\>\)" skip="\\$" end="^\s*\(%:\|#\)\s*endif\>" contains=cSpaceError,cCppSkip
+
+syn cluster	cStringGroup	contains=cCppString,cCppSkip
+
 syn match	cCharacter	"L\='[^\\]'"
 syn match	cCharacter	"L'[^']*'" contains=cSpecial
 if exists("c_gnu")
@@ -70,7 +79,8 @@ syn match	cSpecialCharacter display "L\='\\\o\{1,3}'"
 syn match	cSpecialCharacter display "'\\x\x\{1,2}'"
 syn match	cSpecialCharacter display "L'\\x\x\+'"
 
-if !exists("c_no_c11") " ISO C11
+if (s:ft ==# "c" && !exists("c_no_c11")) || (s:ft ==# "cpp" && !exists("cpp_no_cpp11"))
+  " ISO C11 or ISO C++ 11
   if exists("c_no_cformat")
     syn region	cString		start=+\%(U\|u8\=\)"+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"+ end=+"+ contains=cSpecial,@Spell extend
   else
@@ -102,24 +112,24 @@ endif
 " This should be before cErrInParen to avoid problems with #define ({ xxx })
 if exists("c_curly_error")
   syn match cCurlyError "}"
-  syn region	cBlock		start="{" end="}" contains=ALLBUT,cBadBlock,cCurlyError,@cParenGroup,cErrInParen,cCppParen,cErrInBracket,cCppBracket,cCppString,@Spell fold
+  syn region	cBlock		start="{" end="}" contains=ALLBUT,cBadBlock,cCurlyError,@cParenGroup,cErrInParen,cCppParen,cErrInBracket,cCppBracket,@cStringGroup,@Spell fold
 else
   syn region	cBlock		start="{" end="}" transparent fold
 endif
 
-"catch errors caused by wrong parenthesis and brackets
-" also accept <% for {, %> for }, <: for [ and :> for ] (C99)
+" Catch errors caused by wrong parenthesis and brackets.
+" Also accept <% for {, %> for }, <: for [ and :> for ] (C99)
 " But avoid matching <::.
 syn cluster	cParenGroup	contains=cParenError,cIncluded,cSpecial,cCommentSkip,cCommentString,cComment2String,@cCommentGroup,cCommentStartError,cUserLabel,cBitField,cOctalZero,@cCppOutInGroup,cFormat,cNumber,cFloat,cOctal,cOctalError,cNumbersCom
 if exists("c_no_curly_error")
   if s:ft ==# 'cpp' && !exists("cpp_no_cpp11")
-    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,cCppString,@Spell
+    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,@cStringGroup,@Spell
     " cCppParen: same as cParen but ends at end-of-line; used in cDefine
     syn region	cCppParen	transparent start='(' skip='\\$' excludenl end=')' end='$' contained contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cParen,cString,@Spell
     syn match	cParenError	display ")"
     syn match	cErrInParen	display contained "^^<%\|^%>"
   else
-    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' end='}'me=s-1 contains=ALLBUT,cBlock,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,cCppString,@Spell
+    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' end='}'me=s-1 contains=ALLBUT,cBlock,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,@cStringGroup,@Spell
     " cCppParen: same as cParen but ends at end-of-line; used in cDefine
     syn region	cCppParen	transparent start='(' skip='\\$' excludenl end=')' end='$' contained contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cParen,cString,@Spell
     syn match	cParenError	display ")"
@@ -127,13 +137,13 @@ if exists("c_no_curly_error")
   endif
 elseif exists("c_no_bracket_error")
   if s:ft ==# 'cpp' && !exists("cpp_no_cpp11")
-    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,cCppString,@Spell
+    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,@cStringGroup,@Spell
     " cCppParen: same as cParen but ends at end-of-line; used in cDefine
     syn region	cCppParen	transparent start='(' skip='\\$' excludenl end=')' end='$' contained contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cParen,cString,@Spell
     syn match	cParenError	display ")"
     syn match	cErrInParen	display contained "<%\|%>"
   else
-    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' end='}'me=s-1 contains=ALLBUT,cBlock,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,cCppString,@Spell
+    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' end='}'me=s-1 contains=ALLBUT,cBlock,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,@cStringGroup,@Spell
     " cCppParen: same as cParen but ends at end-of-line; used in cDefine
     syn region	cCppParen	transparent start='(' skip='\\$' excludenl end=')' end='$' contained contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cParen,cString,@Spell
     syn match	cParenError	display ")"
@@ -141,19 +151,19 @@ elseif exists("c_no_bracket_error")
   endif
 else
   if s:ft ==# 'cpp' && !exists("cpp_no_cpp11")
-    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,cErrInBracket,cCppBracket,cCppString,@Spell
+    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,cErrInBracket,cCppBracket,@cStringGroup,@Spell
     " cCppParen: same as cParen but ends at end-of-line; used in cDefine
     syn region	cCppParen	transparent start='(' skip='\\$' excludenl end=')' end='$' contained contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cErrInBracket,cParen,cBracket,cString,@Spell
     syn match	cParenError	display "[\])]"
     syn match	cErrInParen	display contained "<%\|%>"
-    syn region	cBracket	transparent start='\[\|<::\@!' end=']\|:>' contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cErrInParen,cCppParen,cCppBracket,cCppString,@Spell
+    syn region	cBracket	transparent start='\[\|<::\@!' end=']\|:>' contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cErrInParen,cCppParen,cCppBracket,@cStringGroup,@Spell
   else
-    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' end='}'me=s-1 contains=ALLBUT,cBlock,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,cErrInBracket,cCppBracket,cCppString,@Spell
+    syn region	cParen		transparent start='(' end=')' end='}'me=s-1 contains=ALLBUT,cBlock,@cParenGroup,cCppParen,cErrInBracket,cCppBracket,@cStringGroup,@Spell
     " cCppParen: same as cParen but ends at end-of-line; used in cDefine
     syn region	cCppParen	transparent start='(' skip='\\$' excludenl end=')' end='$' contained contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cErrInBracket,cParen,cBracket,cString,@Spell
     syn match	cParenError	display "[\])]"
     syn match	cErrInParen	display contained "[\]{}]\|<%\|%>"
-    syn region	cBracket	transparent start='\[\|<::\@!' end=']\|:>' end='}'me=s-1 contains=ALLBUT,cBlock,@cParenGroup,cErrInParen,cCppParen,cCppBracket,cCppString,@Spell
+    syn region	cBracket	transparent start='\[\|<::\@!' end=']\|:>' end='}'me=s-1 contains=ALLBUT,cBlock,@cParenGroup,cErrInParen,cCppParen,cCppBracket,@cStringGroup,@Spell
   endif
   " cCppBracket: same as cParen but ends at end-of-line; used in cDefine
   syn region	cCppBracket	transparent start='\[\|<::\@!' skip='\\$' excludenl end=']\|:>' end='$' contained contains=ALLBUT,@cParenGroup,cErrInParen,cParen,cBracket,cString,@Spell
@@ -322,6 +332,11 @@ if !exists("c_no_ansi") || exists("c_ansi_constants") || exists("c_gnu")
   syn keyword cConstant SEEK_CUR SEEK_END SEEK_SET
   syn keyword cConstant TMP_MAX stderr stdin stdout
   syn keyword cConstant EXIT_FAILURE EXIT_SUCCESS RAND_MAX
+  " POSIX 2001
+  syn keyword cConstant SIGBUS SIGPOLL SIGPROF SIGSYS SIGURG
+  syn keyword cConstant SIGVTALRM SIGXCPU SIGXFSZ
+  " non-POSIX signals
+  syn keyword cConstant SIGWINCH SIGINFO
   " Add POSIX errors as well
   syn keyword cConstant E2BIG EACCES EAGAIN EBADF EBADMSG EBUSY
   syn keyword cConstant ECANCELED ECHILD EDEADLK EDOM EEXIST EFAULT
@@ -373,7 +388,7 @@ syn region	cPreProc	start="^\s*\(%:\|#\)\s*\(pragma\>\|line\>\|warning\>\|warn\>
 " Highlight User Labels
 syn cluster	cMultiGroup	contains=cIncluded,cSpecial,cCommentSkip,cCommentString,cComment2String,@cCommentGroup,cCommentStartError,cUserCont,cUserLabel,cBitField,cOctalZero,cCppOutWrapper,cCppInWrapper,@cCppOutInGroup,cFormat,cNumber,cFloat,cOctal,cOctalError,cNumbersCom,cCppParen,cCppBracket,cCppString
 if s:ft ==# 'c' || exists("cpp_no_cpp11")
-  syn region	cMulti		transparent start='?' skip='::' end=':' contains=ALLBUT,@cMultiGroup,@Spell
+  syn region	cMulti		transparent start='?' skip='::' end=':' contains=ALLBUT,@cMultiGroup,@Spell,@cStringGroup
 endif
 " Avoid matching foo::bar() in C++ by requiring that the next char is not ':'
 syn cluster	cLabelGroup	contains=cUserLabel
@@ -458,8 +473,7 @@ hi def link cTodo		Todo
 hi def link cBadContinuation	Error
 hi def link cCppOutSkip		cCppOutIf2
 hi def link cCppInElse2		cCppOutIf2
-hi def link cCppOutIf2		cCppOut2  " Old syntax group for #if 0 body
-hi def link cCppOut2		cCppOut  " Old syntax group for #if of #if 0
+hi def link cCppOutIf2		cCppOut
 hi def link cCppOut		Comment
 
 let b:current_syntax = "c"
diff --git a/syntax/cpp.vim b/syntax/cpp.vim
index 62dbe118..78731d75 100644
--- a/syntax/cpp.vim
+++ b/syntax/cpp.vim
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 " Vim syntax file
 " Language:	C++
-" Current Maintainer:	vim-jp (https://github.com/vim-jp/cpp-vim)
+" Current Maintainer:	vim-jp (https://github.com/vim-jp/vim-cpp)
 " Previous Maintainer:	Ken Shan <ccshan@post.harvard.edu>
-" Last Change:	2014 May 13
+" Last Change:	2015 Mar 1
 
 " For version 5.x: Clear all syntax items
 " For version 6.x: Quit when a syntax file was already loaded
@@ -32,14 +32,21 @@ syn match cppCast		"\<\(const\|static\|dynamic\|reinterpret\)_cast\s*$"
 syn keyword cppStorageClass	mutable
 syn keyword cppStructure	class typename template namespace
 syn keyword cppBoolean		true false
+syn keyword cppConstant		__cplusplus
 
 " C++ 11 extensions
 if !exists("cpp_no_cpp11")
   syn keyword cppType		override final
   syn keyword cppExceptions	noexcept
-  syn keyword cppStorageClass	constexpr decltype
+  syn keyword cppStorageClass	constexpr decltype thread_local
   syn keyword cppConstant	nullptr
-  syn region cppRawString       matchgroup=cppRawDelimiter start=+\%(u8\|[uLU]\)\=R"\z([[:alnum:]_{}[\]#<>%:;.?*\+\-/\^&|~!=,"']\{,16}\)(+ end=+)\z1"+ contains=@Spell
+  syn keyword cppConstant	ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT ATOMIC_VAR_INIT
+  syn keyword cppConstant	ATOMIC_BOOL_LOCK_FREE ATOMIC_CHAR_LOCK_FREE
+  syn keyword cppConstant	ATOMIC_CHAR16_T_LOCK_FREE ATOMIC_CHAR32_T_LOCK_FREE
+  syn keyword cppConstant	ATOMIC_WCHAR_T_LOCK_FREE ATOMIC_SHORT_LOCK_FREE
+  syn keyword cppConstant	ATOMIC_INT_LOCK_FREE ATOMIC_LONG_LOCK_FREE
+  syn keyword cppConstant	ATOMIC_LLONG_LOCK_FREE ATOMIC_POINTER_LOCK_FREE
+  syn region cppRawString	matchgroup=cppRawDelimiter start=+\%(u8\|[uLU]\)\=R"\z([[:alnum:]_{}[\]#<>%:;.?*\+\-/\^&|~!=,"']\{,16}\)(+ end=+)\z1"+ contains=@Spell
 endif
 
 " The minimum and maximum operators in GNU C++
diff --git a/syntax/html.vim b/syntax/html.vim
index 3e9beea4..4e7c7c8e 100644
--- a/syntax/html.vim
+++ b/syntax/html.vim
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 syn keyword htmlTagName contained article aside audio canvas command
 syn keyword htmlTagName contained datalist details dialog embed figcaption figure footer
 syn keyword htmlTagName contained header hgroup keygen main mark meter menu nav output
-syn keyword htmlTagName contained progress ruby rt rp section source summary time track video data
+syn keyword htmlTagName contained progress ruby rt rp rb rtc section source summary time track video data
 syn keyword htmlTagName contained template content shadow
 syn keyword htmlTagName contained wbr bdi
 syn keyword htmlTagName contained picture
@@ -76,12 +76,14 @@ syn keyword htmlArg contained label icon open datetime pubdate
 syn keyword htmlArg contained async
 " <content>
 syn keyword htmlArg contained select
+" <iframe>
+syn keyword htmlArg contained seamless srcdoc sandbox
 " <picture>
 syn keyword htmlArg contained srcset sizes
 
 " Custom Data Attributes
 " http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/elements.html#embedding-custom-non-visible-data
-syn match   htmlArg "\<\(data\(\-[a-z]\+\)\+\)\=\>" contained
+syn match   htmlArg "\<\(data\-\([a-z_][a-z0-9_.\-]*\)\+\)\=\>" contained
 
 " Microdata
 " http://dev.w3.org/html5/md/
diff --git a/syntax/jade.vim b/syntax/jade.vim
index 2d0acfed..adfe1ae0 100644
--- a/syntax/jade.vim
+++ b/syntax/jade.vim
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ syn keyword  jadeScriptLoopKeywords for in contained
 
 syn region  jadeJavascript start="^\z(\s*\)script\%(:\w\+\)\=" end="^\%(\z1\s\|\s*$\)\@!" contains=@htmlJavascript,jadeJavascriptTag keepend 
 syn region  jadeJavascriptTag contained start="^\z(\s*\)script\%(:\w\+\)\=" end="$" contains=jadeBegin,jadeTag
-syn region  jadeCssBlock        start="^\z(\s*\)style" nextgroup=@jadeComponent,jadeError  end="^\%(\z1\s\|\s*$\)\@!" contains=@jadeTop,@htmlCss keepend
+syn region  jadeCssBlock        start="^\z(\s*\)style" nextgroup=@jadeComponent,jadeError  end="^\%(\z1\s\|\s*$\)\@!" contains=@htmlCss keepend
 
 syn match  jadeError "\$" contained
 
diff --git a/syntax/perl6.vim b/syntax/perl6.vim
index 066d6cad..ed928852 100644
--- a/syntax/perl6.vim
+++ b/syntax/perl6.vim
@@ -12,54 +12,28 @@
 " This is a big undertaking. Perl 6 is the sort of language that only Perl
 " can parse. But I'll do my best to get vim to.
 "
-" You can associate the extension ".pl" with the filetype "perl6" by setting
-"     autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.pl setf perl6
-" in your ~/.vimrc. But that will infringe on Perl 5, so you might want to
-" put a modeline near the beginning or end of your Perl 6 files instead:
-"     # vim: filetype=perl6
+" The ftdetect/perl11.vim file in this repository takes care of setting the
+" right filetype for Perl 6 files. To set it explicitly you can also add this
+" line near the bottom of your source file:
+"   # vim: filetype=perl6
 
 " TODO:
-"   * Deal with s:Perl5//
-"   * m:s// is a match, not a substitution
-"   * Make these highlight as strings, not operators:
-"       <==> <=:=> <===> <=~> <« »> «>» «<»
-"   * Allow more keywords to match as function calls(leave() is export(), etc)
-"   * Optimization: use nextgroup instead of lookaround (:help syn-nextgroup)
-"   * Fix s''' substitutions being matched as package names
-"   * Match s/// and m/// better, so things like "$s/" won't match
+"   * Go over the list of keywords/types to see what's deprecated/missing
 "   * Add more support for folding (:help syn-fold)
-"   * Add more syntax syncing hooks (:help syn-sync)
-"   * Q//:
-"       :to, :heredoc
-"       interpolate \q:s{$scalar} (though the spec isn't very clear on it)
-"
-" Impossible TODO?:
-"   * Unspace
-"   * Unicode bracketing characters for quoting (there are so many)
-"   * Various tricks depending on context. I.e. we can't know when Perl
-"     expects «*» to be a string or a hyperoperator. The latter is presumably
-"     more common, so that's what we assume.
-"   * Selective highlighting of Pod formatting codes with the :allow option
-"   * Arbitrary number, order, and negation of adverbs to Q//, q//, qq//.
-"     Currently only the first adverb is considered significant. Anything
-"     more would require an exponential amount of regexes, making this
-"     already slow syntax file even slower.
 "
 " If you want to have Pir code inside Q:PIR// strings highlighted, do:
-"  let perl6_embedded_pir=1
+"   let perl6_embedded_pir=1
 "
 " The above requires pir.vim, which you can find in Parrot's repository:
-" https://svn.parrot.org/parrot/trunk/editor/
-"
-" Some less than crucial things have been made optional to speed things up.
-" Look at the comments near the if/else branches in this file to see exactly
-" which features are affected. "perl6_extended_all" enables everything.
+" https://github.com/parrot/parrot/tree/master/editor
 "
-" The defaults are:
+" To highlight Perl 5 regexes (m:P5//):
+"   let perl6_perl5_regexes=1
 "
-"  unlet perl6_extended_comments
-"  unlet perl6_extended_q
-"  unlet perl6_extended_all
+" To enable folding:
+"   let perl6_fold=1
+
+if version < 704 | throw "perl6.vim uses regex syntax which Vim <7.4 doesn't support. Try 'make fix_old_vim' in the vim-perl repository." | endif
 
 " For version 5.x: Clear all syntax items
 " For version 6.x: Quit when a syntax file was already loaded
@@ -71,31 +45,33 @@ endif
 let s:keepcpo= &cpo
 set cpo&vim
 
-" identifiers
-syn match p6Normal display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*"
+" Patterns which will be interpolated by the preprocessor (tools/preproc.pl):
+"
+" @@IDENT_NONDIGIT@@     "[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]"
+" @@IDENT_CHAR@@         "[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]"
+" @@IDENTIFIER@@         "\%(@@IDENT_NONDIGIT@@\%(@@IDENT_CHAR@@\|[-']@@IDENT_NONDIGIT@@\@=\)*\)"
+" @@IDENTIFIER_START@@   "@@IDENT_CHAR@@\@1<!\%(@@IDENT_NONDIGIT@@[-']\)\@2<!"
+" @@IDENTIFIER_END@@     "\%(@@IDENT_CHAR@@\|[-']@@IDENT_NONDIGIT@@\)\@!"
+" @@METAOP@@             #\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".([:space:]]\)\+#
+" @@ADVERBS@@            "\%(\_s*:!\?@@IDENTIFIER@@\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*"
+"
+" Same but escaped, for use in string eval
+" @@IDENT_NONDIGIT_Q@@   "[A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF]"
+" @@IDENT_CHAR_Q@@       "[A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF0-9]"
+" @@IDENTIFIER_Q@@       "\\%(@@IDENT_NONDIGIT_Q@@\\%(@@IDENT_CHAR_Q@@\\|[-']@@IDENT_NONDIGIT_Q@@\\@=\\)*\\)"
+" @@IDENTIFIER_START_Q@@ "@@IDENT_CHAR_Q@@\\@1<!\\%(@@IDENT_NONDIGIT_Q@@[-']\\)\\@2<!"
+" @@IDENTIFIER_END_Q@@   "\\%(@@IDENT_CHAR_Q@@\\|[-']@@IDENT_NONDIGIT_Q@@\\)\\@!"
 
-" This is used in the for loops below
-" Don't use the "syn keyword" construct because that always has higher
-" priority than matches/regions, so the words can't be autoquoted with
-" the "=>" and "p5=>" operators. All the lookaround stuff is to make sure
-" we don't match them as part of some other identifier.
-let s:before_keyword = " display \"\\%(\\k\\|\\K\\@<=[-']\\)\\@<!\\%("
-let s:after_keyword = "\\)\\%(\\k\\|[-']\\K\\@=\\)\\@!\""
+" Identifiers (subroutines, methods, constants, classes, roles, etc)
+syn match p6Identifier display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
 
-" Billions of keywords
 let s:keywords = {
- \ "p6Attention": [
- \   "ACHTUNG ATTN ATTENTION FIXME NB TODO TBD WTF XXX NOTE",
- \ ],
  \ "p6DeclareRoutine": [
- \   "macro sub submethod method multi proto only rule token regex category",
+ \   "macro sub submethod method multi proto only category",
  \ ],
  \ "p6Module": [
  \   "module class role package enum grammar slang subset",
  \ ],
- \ "p6Variable": [
- \   "self",
- \ ],
  \ "p6Include": [
  \   "use require",
  \ ],
@@ -109,12 +85,9 @@ let s:keywords = {
  \   "for loop repeat while until gather given",
  \ ],
  \ "p6FlowControl": [
- \   "take do when next last redo return contend maybe defer",
+ \   "take do when next last redo return contend maybe defer start",
  \   "default exit make continue break goto leave async lift",
  \ ],
- \ "p6TypeConstraint": [
- \   "is as but trusts of returns handles where augment supersede",
- \ ],
  \ "p6ClosureTrait": [
  \   "BEGIN CHECK INIT START FIRST ENTER LEAVE KEEP",
  \   "UNDO NEXT LAST PRE POST END CATCH CONTROL TEMP",
@@ -122,256 +95,141 @@ let s:keywords = {
  \ "p6Exception": [
  \   "die fail try warn",
  \ ],
- \ "p6Property": [
- \   "prec irs ofs ors export deep binary unary reparsed rw parsed cached",
- \   "readonly defequiv will ref copy inline tighter looser equiv assoc",
- \   "required",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Number": [
- \   "NaN Inf",
- \ ],
  \ "p6Pragma": [
  \   "oo fatal",
  \ ],
- \ "p6Type": [
- \   "Object Any Junction Whatever Capture Match",
- \   "Signature Proxy Matcher Package Module Class",
- \   "Grammar Scalar Array Hash KeyHash KeySet KeyBag",
- \   "Pair List Seq Range Set Bag Mapping Void Undef",
- \   "Failure Exception Code Block Routine Sub Macro",
- \   "Method Submethod Regex Str Blob Char Byte",
- \   "Codepoint Grapheme StrPos StrLen Version Num",
- \   "Complex num complex Bit bit bool True False",
- \   "Increasing Decreasing Ordered Callable AnyChar",
- \   "Positional Associative Ordering KeyExtractor",
- \   "Comparator OrderingPair IO KitchenSink Role",
- \   "Int int int1 int2 int4 int8 int16 int32 int64",
- \   "Rat rat rat1 rat2 rat4 rat8 rat16 rat32 rat64",
- \   "Buf buf buf1 buf2 buf4 buf8 buf16 buf32 buf64",
- \   "UInt uint uint1 uint2 uint4 uint8 uint16 uint32",
- \   "uint64 Abstraction utf8 utf16 utf32",
- \ ],
  \ "p6Operator": [
- \   "div x xx mod also leg cmp before after eq ne le lt",
- \   "gt ge eqv ff fff and andthen Z X or xor",
- \   "orelse extra m mm rx s tr",
+ \   "div xx x mod also leg cmp before after eq ne le lt not",
+ \   "gt ge eqv ff fff and andthen or xor orelse extra lcm gcd",
+ \ ],
+ \ "p6Type": [
+ \   "int int1 int2 int4 int8 int16 int32 int64",
+ \   "rat rat1 rat2 rat4 rat8 rat16 rat32 rat64",
+ \   "buf buf1 buf2 buf4 buf8 buf16 buf32 buf64",
+ \   "uint uint1 uint2 uint4 uint8 uint16 uint32 bit bool",
+ \   "uint64 utf8 utf16 utf32 bag set mix num complex",
  \ ],
 \ }
 
+" These can be immediately followed by parentheses
+let s:types = [
+ \ "Object Any Junction Whatever Capture Match",
+ \ "Signature Proxy Matcher Package Module Class",
+ \ "Grammar Scalar Array Hash KeyHash KeySet KeyBag",
+ \ "Pair List Seq Range Set Bag Mapping Void Undef",
+ \ "Failure Exception Code Block Routine Sub Macro",
+ \ "Method Submethod Regex Str Blob Char Byte Parcel",
+ \ "Codepoint Grapheme StrPos StrLen Version Num",
+ \ "Complex Bit True False Order Same Less More",
+ \ "Increasing Decreasing Ordered Callable AnyChar",
+ \ "Positional Associative Ordering KeyExtractor",
+ \ "Comparator OrderingPair IO KitchenSink Role",
+ \ "Int Rat Buf UInt Abstraction Numeric Real",
+ \ "Nil Mu",
+\ ]
+
+" We explicitly enumerate the alphanumeric infix operators allowed after [RSXZ]
+" to avoid matching package names that start with those letters.
+let s:alpha_metaops = [
+ \ "div mod gcd lcm xx x does but cmp leg eq ne gt ge lt le before after eqv",
+ \ "min max not so andthen and or orelse",
+\ ]
+let s:words_space = join(s:alpha_metaops, " ")
+let s:temp = split(s:words_space)
+let s:alpha_metaops_or = join(s:temp, "\\|")
+
+" We don't use "syn keyword" here because that always has higher priority
+" than matches/regions, which would prevent these words from matching as
+" autoquoted strings before "=>" or "p5=>".
+syn match p6KeywordStart display "\%(\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!\)\@=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\@1<!\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF][-']\)\@2<!"
+    \ nextgroup=p6Attention,p6DeclareRoutine,p6Module,p6Variable,p6Include,p6Conditional,p6VarStorage,p6Repeat,p6FlowControl,p6ClosureTrait,p6Exception,p6Number,p6Pragma,p6Type,p6Operator,p6Identifier
+
 for [group, words] in items(s:keywords)
     let s:words_space = join(words, " ")
     let s:temp = split(s:words_space)
     let s:words = join(s:temp, "\\|")
-    exec "syn match ". group ." ". s:before_keyword . s:words . s:after_keyword
+    exec "syn match ". group ." display \"[.^]\\@1<!\\%(". s:words . "\\)(\\@!\\%([A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF0-9]\\|[-'][A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF]\\)\\@!\" contained"
 endfor
-unlet s:keywords s:words_space s:temp s:words
-
-" More operators
-" Don't put a "\+" at the end of the character class. That makes it so
-" greedy that the "%" " in "+%foo" won't be allowed to match as a sigil,
-" among other things
-syn match p6Operator display "[-+/*~?|=^!%&,<>.;\\]"
-syn match p6Operator display "\%(:\@<!::\@!\|::=\|\.::\)"
-" these require whitespace on the left side
-syn match p6Operator display "\%(\s\|^\)\@<=\%(xx=\|p5=>\)"
-" "i" requires a digit to the left, and no keyword char to the right
-syn match p6Operator display "\d\@<=i\k\@!"
-" index overloading
-syn match p6Operator display "\%(&\.(\@=\|@\.\[\@=\|%\.{\@=\)"
 
-" all infix operators except nonassocative ones
-let s:infix_a = [
-    \ "div % mod +& +< +> \\~& ?& \\~< \\~> +| +\\^ \\~| \\~\\^ ?| ?\\^ xx x",
-    \ "\\~ && & also <== ==> <<== ==>> == != < <= > >= \\~\\~ eq ne lt le gt",
-    \ "ge =:= === eqv before after \\^\\^ min max \\^ff ff\\^ \\^ff\\^",
-    \ "\\^fff fff\\^ \\^fff\\^ fff ff ::= := \\.= => , : p5=> Z minmax",
-    \ "\\.\\.\\. and andthen or orelse xor \\^ += -= /= \\*= \\~= //= ||=",
-    \ "+ - \\*\\* \\* // / \\~ || |",
-\ ]
-" nonassociative infix operators
-let s:infix_n = "but does <=> leg cmp \\.\\. \\.\\.\\^\\^ \\^\\.\\. \\^\\.\\.\\^"
-
-let s:infix_a_long = join(s:infix_a, " ")
-let s:infix_a_words = split(s:infix_a_long)
-let s:infix_a_pattern = join(s:infix_a_words, "\\|")
-
-let s:infix_n_words = split(s:infix_n)
-let s:infix_n_pattern = join(s:infix_n_words, "\\|")
-
-let s:both = [s:infix_a_pattern, s:infix_n_pattern]
-let s:infix = join(s:both, "\\|")
-
-let s:infix_assoc = "!\\?\\%(" . s:infix_a_pattern . "\\)"
-let s:infix = "!\\?\\%(" . s:infix . "\\)"
-
-unlet s:infix_a s:infix_a_long s:infix_a_words s:infix_a_pattern
-unlet s:infix_n s:infix_n_pattern s:both
-
-" [+] reduce
-exec "syn match p6ReduceOp display \"\\k\\@<!\\[[R\\\\]\\?!\\?". s:infix_assoc ."]\\%(«\\|<<\\)\\?\""
-unlet s:infix_assoc
-
-" Reverse and cross operators (Rop, Xop)
-exec "syn match p6ReverseCrossOp display \"[RX]". s:infix ."\""
-
-" q() or whatever() is always a function call
-syn match p6Normal display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*(\@="
-
-" basically all builtins that can be followed by parentheses
-let s:routines = [
- \ "eager hyper substr index rindex grep map sort join lines hints chmod",
- \ "split reduce min max reverse truncate zip cat roundrobin classify",
- \ "first sum keys values pairs defined delete exists elems end kv any",
- \ "all one wrap shape key value name pop push shift splice unshift floor",
- \ "ceiling abs exp log log10 rand sign sqrt sin cos tan round strand",
- \ "roots cis unpolar polar atan2 pick chop p5chop chomp p5chomp lc",
- \ "lcfirst uc ucfirst capitalize normalize pack unpack quotemeta comb",
- \ "samecase sameaccent chars nfd nfc nfkd nfkc printf sprintf caller",
- \ "evalfile run runinstead nothing want bless chr ord gmtime time eof",
- \ "localtime gethost getpw chroot getlogin getpeername kill fork wait",
- \ "perl graphs codes bytes clone print open read write readline say seek",
- \ "close opendir readdir slurp pos fmt vec link unlink symlink uniq pair",
- \ "asin atan sec cosec cotan asec acosec acotan sinh cosh tanh asinh",
- \ "acos acosh atanh sech cosech cotanh sech acosech acotanh asech ok",
- \ "plan_ok dies_ok lives_ok skip todo pass flunk force_todo use_ok isa_ok",
- \ "diag is_deeply isnt like skip_rest unlike cmp_ok eval_dies_ok nok_error",
- \ "eval_lives_ok approx is_approx throws_ok version_lt plan EVAL succ pred",
- \ "times nonce once signature new connect operator undef undefine sleep",
- \ "from to infix postfix prefix circumfix postcircumfix minmax lazy count",
- \ "unwrap getc pi e context void quasi body each contains rewinddir subst",
- \ "can isa flush arity assuming rewind callwith callsame nextwith nextsame",
- \ "attr eval_elsewhere none srand trim trim_start trim_end lastcall WHAT",
- \ "WHERE HOW WHICH VAR WHO WHENCE ACCEPTS REJECTS does not true iterator by",
- \ "re im invert flip",
-\ ]
-
-" we want to highlight builtins like split() though, so this comes afterwards
-" TODO: check if this would be faster as one big regex
-let s:words_space = join(s:routines, " ")
+let s:words_space = join(s:types, " ")
 let s:temp = split(s:words_space)
 let s:words = join(s:temp, "\\|")
-exec "syn match p6Routine ". s:before_keyword . s:words . s:after_keyword
-unlet s:before_keyword s:after_keyword s:words_space s:temp s:words s:routines
+exec "syn match p6Type display \"\\%(". s:words . "\\)\\%([A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF0-9]\\|[-'][A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF]\\)\\@!\" contained"
+unlet s:keywords s:types s:words_space s:temp s:words
 
-" packages, must come after all the keywords
-syn match p6Normal display "\%(::\)\@<=\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*"
-syn match p6Normal display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(::\)\@="
+syn match p6TypeConstraint  display "\%([.^]\|^\s*\)\@<!\a\@=\%(does\|as\|but\|trusts\|of\|returns\|handles\|where\|augment\|supersede\)\>"
+syn match p6TypeConstraint  display "\%([.^]\|^\s*\)\@<![A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\@1<!\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF][-']\)\@2<!is\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!" skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6Property
+syn match p6Property        display "\a\@=\%(signature\|context\|also\|shape\|prec\|irs\|ofs\|ors\|export\|deep\|binary\|unary\|reparsed\|rw\|parsed\|cached\|readonly\|defequiv\|will\|ref\|copy\|inline\|tighter\|looser\|equiv\|assoc\|required\)" contained
 
-" some standard packages
-syn match p6Type display "\%(::\|\k\|\K\@<=[-']\)\@<!\%(Order\%(::Same\|::Increase\|::Decrease\)\?\)\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)\@!"
-syn match p6Type display "\%(::\|\k\|\K\@<=[-']\)\@<!\%(Bool\%(::True\|::False\)\?\)\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)\@!"
-
-
-syn match p6Shebang    display "\%^#!.*"
-syn match p6BlockLabel display "\%(^\s*\)\@<=\h\w*\s*::\@!\_s\@="
-syn match p6Number     display "\k\@<!_\@!\%(\d\|__\@!\)\+_\@<!\%([eE]_\@!+\?\%(\d\|_\)\+\)\?_\@<!"
-syn match p6Float      display "\k\@<!_\@!\%(\d\|__\@!\)\+_\@<![eE]_\@!-\%(\d\|_\)\+"
-syn match p6Float      display "\k\@<!_\@<!\%(\d\|__\@!\)*_\@<!\.\@<!\._\@!\.\@!\a\@!\%(\d\|_\)\+_\@<!\%([eE]_\@!\%(\d\|_\)\+\)\?"
-
-syn match p6NumberBase display "[obxd]" contained
-syn match p6Number     display "\<0\%(o[0-7][0-7_]*\)\@="     nextgroup=p6NumberBase
-syn match p6Number     display "\<0\%(b[01][01_]*\)\@="       nextgroup=p6NumberBase
-syn match p6Number     display "\<0\%(x\x[[:xdigit:]_]*\)\@=" nextgroup=p6NumberBase
-syn match p6Number     display "\<0\%(d\d[[:digit:]_]*\)\@="  nextgroup=p6NumberBase
-syn match p6Number     display "\%(\<0o\)\@<=[0-7][0-7_]*"
-syn match p6Number     display "\%(\<0b\)\@<=[01][01_]*"
-syn match p6Number     display "\%(\<0x\)\@<=\x[[:xdigit:]_]*"
-syn match p6Number     display "\%(\<0d\)\@<=\d[[:digit:]_]*"
+" packages, must come after all the keywords
+syn match p6Identifier display "\%(::\)\@2<=\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)*"
+syn match p6Identifier display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(::\)\@="
 
-syn match p6Version    display "\<v\d\@=" nextgroup=p6VersionNum
-syn match p6VersionNum display "\d\+" nextgroup=p6VersionDot contained
-syn match p6VersionDot display "\.\%(\d\|\*\)\@=" nextgroup=p6VersionNum contained
+" The sigil in ::*Package
+syn match p6PackageTwigil display "\%(::\)\@2<=\*"
 
-" try to distinguish the "is" function from the "is" trail auxiliary
-syn match p6Routine     display "\%(\%(\S\k\@<!\|^\)\s*\)\@<=is\>"
+" some standard packages
+syn match p6Type display "\%(::\)\@2<!\%(Order\%(::Same\|::More\|::Less\)\?\|Bool\%(::True\|::False\)\?\)\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!"
 
-" does is a type constraint sometimes
-syn match p6TypeConstraint display "does\%(\s*\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)\)\@="
+" Don't put a "\+" at the end of the character class. That makes it so
+" greedy that the "%" " in "+%foo" won't be allowed to match as a sigil,
+" among other things
+syn match p6Operator display "[-+/*~?|=^!%&,<>».;\\∈∉∋∌∩∪≼≽⊂⊃⊄⊅⊆⊇⊈⊉⊍⊎⊖∅]"
+syn match p6Operator display "\%(:\@1<!::\@2!\|::=\|\.::\)"
+" these require whitespace on the left side
+syn match p6Operator display "\%(\s\|^\)\@1<=\%(xx=\|p5=>\)"
+" index overloading
+syn match p6Operator display "\%(&\.(\@=\|@\.\[\@=\|%\.{\@=\)"
 
-" int is a type sometimes
-syn match p6Type        display "\<int\>\%(\s*(\|\s\+\d\)\@!"
+" Reduce metaoperators like [+]
+syn match p6ReduceOp display "\%(^\|\s\|(\)\@1<=!*\%([RSXZ\[]\)*[&RSXZ]\?\[\+(\?\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".([:space:]]\)\+)\?]\+"
+syn match p6SetOp    display "R\?(\%([-^.+|&]\|[<>][=+]\?\|cont\|elem\))"
 
-" these Routine names are also Properties, if preceded by "is"
-syn match p6Property    display "\%(is\s\+\)\@<=\%(signature\|context\|also\|shape\)"
+" Reverse, cross, and zip metaoperators
+exec "syn match p6RSXZOp display \"[RSXZ]:\\@!\\%(\\a\\@=\\%(". s:alpha_metaops_or . "\\)\\|[[:alnum:]]\\@!\\%([.,]\\|[^[,.[:space:]]\\)\\+\\|\\s\\@=\\|$\\)\""
 
-" The sigil in ::*Package
-syn match p6PackageTwigil display "\%(::\)\@<=\*"
+syn match p6BlockLabel display "^\s*\zs\h\w*\s*::\@!\_s\@="
 
-" $<match>
-syn region p6MatchVarSigil
-    \ matchgroup=p6Variable
-    \ start="\$\%(<<\@!\)\@="
-    \ end=">\@<="
-    \ contains=p6MatchVar
+syn match p6Number     display "[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\@1<!\%(\%(\%(\_^\|\s\|[^*\a]\)\@1<=[-+]\)\?Inf\|NaN\)"
+syn match p6Number     display "[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\@1<!\%(\%(\_^\|\s\|[^*\a]\)\@1<=[-+]\)\?\%(\%(\d\|__\@!\)*[._]\@1<!\.\)\?_\@!\%(\d\|_\)\+_\@1<!\%([eE]-\?_\@!\%(\d\|_\)\+\)\?i\?"
+syn match p6Number     display "[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\@1<!\%(\%(\_^\|\s\|[^*\a]\)\@1<=[-+]\)\?0[obxd]\@="  nextgroup=p6OctBase,p6BinBase,p6HexBase,p6DecBase
+syn match p6OctBase    display "o" contained nextgroup=p6OctNumber
+syn match p6BinBase    display "b" contained nextgroup=p6BinNumber
+syn match p6HexBase    display "x" contained nextgroup=p6HexNumber
+syn match p6DecBase    display "d" contained nextgroup=p6DecNumber
+syn match p6OctNumber  display "[0-7][0-7_]*" contained
+syn match p6BinNumber  display "[01][01_]*" contained
+syn match p6HexNumber  display "\x[[:xdigit:]_]*" contained
+syn match p6DecNumber  display "\d[[:digit:]_]*" contained
 
-syn region p6MatchVar
-    \ matchgroup=p6Twigil
-    \ start="<"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
+syn match p6Version    display "\<v\d\+\%(\.[*[:digit:]]\+\)*+\?"
 
 " Contextualizers
 syn match p6Context display "\<\%(item\|list\|slice\|hash\)\>"
-syn match p6Context display "\%(\$\|@\|%\|&\|@@\)(\@="
-
-" the "$" placeholder in "$var1, $, var2 = @list"
-syn match p6Placeholder display "\%(,\s*\)\@<=\$\%(\K\|\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\)\@!"
-syn match p6Placeholder display "\$\%(\K\|\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\)\@!\%(,\s*\)\@="
+syn match p6Context display "\%(\$\|@\|%\|&\)(\@="
 
 " Quoting
 
 " one cluster for every quote adverb
-syn cluster p6Interp_s
-    \ add=p6InterpScalar
 syn cluster p6Interp_scalar
     \ add=p6InterpScalar
 
-syn cluster p6Interp_a
-    \ add=p6InterpArray
 syn cluster p6Interp_array
     \ add=p6InterpArray
 
-syn cluster p6Interp_h
-    \ add=p6InterpHash
 syn cluster p6Interp_hash
     \ add=p6InterpHash
 
-syn cluster p6Interp_f
-    \ add=p6InterpFunction
-syn cluster p6Interp_f
+syn cluster p6Interp_function
     \ add=p6InterpFunction
 
-syn cluster p6Interp_c
-    \ add=p6InterpClosure
 syn cluster p6Interp_closure
     \ add=p6InterpClosure
 
-
-if exists("perl6_extended_q") || exists("perl6_extended_all")
-    syn cluster p6Interp_ww
-        \ add=p6StringSQ
-        \ add=p6StringDQ
-    syn cluster p6Interp_quotewords
-        \ add=p6StringSQ
-        \ add=p6StringDQ
-endif
-
 syn cluster p6Interp_q
     \ add=p6EscQQ
     \ add=p6EscBackSlash
-syn cluster p6Interp_single
-    \ add=p6EscQQ
-    \ add=p6EscBackSlash
 
-syn cluster p6Interp_b
-    \ add=@p6Interp_q
-    \ add=p6Escape
-    \ add=p6EscOpenCurly
-    \ add=p6EscCodePoint
-    \ add=p6EscHex
-    \ add=p6EscOct
-    \ add=p6EscOctOld
-    \ add=p6EscNull
 syn cluster p6Interp_backslash
     \ add=@p6Interp_q
     \ add=p6Escape
@@ -389,21 +247,13 @@ syn cluster p6Interp_qq
     \ add=@p6Interp_function
     \ add=@p6Interp_closure
     \ add=@p6Interp_backslash
-syn cluster p6Interp_double
-    \ add=@p6Interp_scalar
-    \ add=@p6Interp_array
-    \ add=@p6Interp_hash
-    \ add=@p6Interp_function
-    \ add=@p6Interp_closure
-    \ add=@p6Interp_backslash
 
 syn region p6InterpScalar
-    \ start="\ze\z(\$\%(\%(\%(\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=\)\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\%(\.\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
-    \ start="\ze\z(\$\%(\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=\)\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\|\%(\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\)\)"
+    \ start="\ze\z(\$\%(\%(\%(\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\%(\.\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
+    \ start="\ze\z(\$\%(\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\|\%(\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\)\)"
     \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
+    \ contained keepend
     \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
 
 syn region p6InterpScalar
     \ matchgroup=p6Context
@@ -414,27 +264,24 @@ syn region p6InterpScalar
     \ contains=TOP
 
 syn region p6InterpArray
-    \ start="\ze\z(@\$*\%(\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=\)\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\%(\.\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
+    \ start="\ze\z(@\$*\%(\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\%(\.\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
     \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
+    \ contained keepend
     \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
 
 syn region p6InterpArray
     \ matchgroup=p6Context
     \ start="@\ze()\@!"
-    \ start="@@\ze()\@!"
     \ skip="([^)]*)"
     \ end=")\zs"
     \ contained
     \ contains=TOP
 
 syn region p6InterpHash
-    \ start="\ze\z(%\$*\%(\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=\)\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\%(\.\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
+    \ start="\ze\z(%\$*\%(\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\%(\.\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
     \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
+    \ contained keepend
     \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
 
 syn region p6InterpHash
     \ matchgroup=p6Context
@@ -445,11 +292,10 @@ syn region p6InterpHash
     \ contains=TOP
 
 syn region p6InterpFunction
-    \ start="\ze\z(&\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=\)\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(\.\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
+    \ start="\ze\z(&\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(\.\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
     \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
+    \ contained keepend
     \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
 
 syn region p6InterpFunction
     \ matchgroup=p6Context
@@ -460,12 +306,11 @@ syn region p6InterpFunction
     \ contains=TOP
 
 syn region p6InterpClosure
-    \ start="\\\@<!{}\@!"
+    \ start="\\\@1<!{}\@!"
     \ skip="{[^}]*}"
     \ end="}"
-    \ contained
+    \ contained keepend
     \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
 
 " generic escape
 syn match p6Escape          display "\\\S" contained
@@ -484,283 +329,195 @@ syn match p6EscDollar       display "\\\$" contained
 syn match p6EscCloseCurly   display "\\}" contained
 syn match p6EscCloseBracket display "\\\]" contained
 
-" misc escapes
-syn match p6EscOctOld    display "\\\d\{1,3}" contained
-syn match p6EscNull      display "\\0\d\@!" contained
-syn match p6EscCodePoint display "\%(\\c\)\@<=\%(\d\|\S\|\[\)\@=" contained nextgroup=p6CodePoint
-syn match p6EscHex       display "\%(\\x\)\@<=\%(\x\|\[\)\@=" contained nextgroup=p6HexSequence
-syn match p6EscOct       display "\%(\\o\)\@<=\%(\o\|\[\)\@=" contained nextgroup=p6OctSequence
-syn match p6EscQQ        display "\\qq" contained nextgroup=p6QQSequence
-syn match p6EscOpenCurly display "\\{" contained
-syn match p6EscHash      display "\\#" contained
-syn match p6EscBackSlash display "\\\\" contained
-
-syn region p6QQSequence
-    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
-    \ start="\["
-    \ skip="\[[^\]]*]"
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-    \ transparent
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
-
-syn match p6CodePoint   display "\%(\d\+\|\S\)" contained
-syn region p6CodePoint
-    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
-    \ start="\["
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-
-syn match p6HexSequence display "\x\+" contained
-syn region p6HexSequence
-    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
-    \ start="\["
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-
-syn match p6OctSequence display "\o\+" contained
-syn region p6OctSequence
-    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
-    \ start="\["
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-
 " matches :key, :!key, :$var, :key<var>, etc
 " Since we don't know in advance how the adverb ends, we use a trick.
 " Consume nothing with the start pattern (\ze at the beginning),
 " while capturing the whole adverb into \z1 and then putting it before
 " the match start (\zs) of the end pattern.
 syn region p6Adverb
-    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\?\)"
-    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?[@$%]\$*\%(::\|\%(\$\@<=\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\)\|\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\)\)"
+    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\?\)"
+    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?[@$%]\$*\%(::\|\%(\$\@1<=\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\|\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\)"
     \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
+    \ contained keepend
     \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
 
 " <words>
-" FIXME: not sure how to distinguish this from the "less than" operator
-" in all cases. For now, it matches if any of the following is true:
+" Distinguishing this from the "less than" operator is tricky. For now,
+" it matches if any of the following is true:
 "
 " * There is whitespace missing on either side of the "<", since
-"   people tend to put spaces around "less than"
+"   people tend to put spaces around "less than". We make an exception
+"   for " = < ... >" assignments though.
 " * It comes after "enum", "for", "any", "all", or "none"
 " * It's the first or last thing on a line (ignoring whitespace)
 " * It's preceded by "= "
+" * It's empty and terminated on the same line (e.g. <> and < >)
 "
 " It never matches when:
 "
-" * Preceded by [<+~=] (e.g. <<foo>>, =<$foo>)
-" * Followed by [-=] (e.g. <--, <=, <==)
+" * Preceded by [<+~=!] (e.g. <<foo>>, =<$foo>, * !< 3)
+" * Followed by [-=] (e.g. <--, <=, <==, <->)
 syn region p6StringAngle
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
     \ start="\%(\<\%(enum\|for\|any\|all\|none\)\>\s*(\?\s*\)\@<=<\%(<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
-    \ start="\%(\s\|[<+~=]\)\@<!<\%(<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
-    \ start="[<+~=]\@<!<\%(\s\|<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
+    \ start="\%(\s\|[<+~=!]\)\@<!<\%(<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
+    \ start="[<+~=!]\@1<!<\%(\s\|<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}\)\@!"
     \ start="\%(^\s*\)\@<=<\%(<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
-    \ start="[<+~=]\@<!<\%(\s*$\)\@="
-    \ start="\%(=\s\+\)\@=<\%(<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\>"
+    \ start="[<+~=!]\@1<!<\%(\s*$\)\@="
+    \ start="\%(=\s\+\)\@<=<\%(<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
+    \ start="<\%(\s*>\)\@="
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\>"
     \ end=">"
     \ contains=p6InnerAnglesOne,p6EscBackSlash,p6EscCloseAngle
 
-syn region p6InnerAnglesOne
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringAngle
+syn region p6StringAngleFixed
+    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
     \ start="<"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\>"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\>"
     \ end=">"
-    \ transparent
+    \ contains=p6InnerAnglesOne,p6EscBackSlash,p6EscCloseAngle
     \ contained
+
+syn region p6InnerAnglesOne
+    \ matchgroup=p6StringAngle
+    \ start="\\\@1<!<"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ transparent contained
     \ contains=p6InnerAnglesOne
 
 " <<words>>
 syn region p6StringAngles
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
     \ start="<<=\@!"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\>"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\>"
     \ end=">>"
     \ contains=p6InnerAnglesTwo,@p6Interp_qq,p6Comment,p6EscHash,p6EscCloseAngle,p6Adverb,p6StringSQ,p6StringDQ
 
 syn region p6InnerAnglesTwo
     \ matchgroup=p6StringAngles
     \ start="<<"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\>"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\>"
     \ end=">>"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
+    \ transparent contained
     \ contains=p6InnerAnglesTwo
 
 " «words»
 syn region p6StringFrench
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
     \ start="«"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\»"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\»"
     \ end="»"
     \ contains=p6InnerFrench,@p6Interp_qq,p6Comment,p6EscHash,p6EscCloseFrench,p6Adverb,p6StringSQ,p6StringDQ
 
 syn region p6InnerFrench
     \ matchgroup=p6StringFrench
-    \ start="«"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\»"
+    \ start="\\\@1<!«"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\»"
     \ end="»"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
+    \ transparent contained
     \ contains=p6InnerFrench
 
+" Hyperops. They need to come after "<>" and "«»" strings in order to override
+" them, but before other types of strings, to avoid matching those delimiters
+" as parts of hyperops.
+syn match p6HyperOp display #[^[:digit:][{('",:[:space:]][^[{('",:[:space:]]*\%(«\|<<\)#
+syn match p6HyperOp display "«\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".([:space:]]\)\+[«»]"
+syn match p6HyperOp display "»\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".([:space:]]\)\+\%(«\|»\?\)"
+syn match p6HyperOp display "<<\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".([:space:]]\)\+\%(<<\|>>\)"
+syn match p6HyperOp display ">>\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".([:space:]]\)\+\%(<<\|\%(>>\)\?\)"
+
 " 'string'
 syn region p6StringSQ
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
     \ start="'"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\'"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\'"
     \ end="'"
     \ contains=@p6Interp_q,p6EscQuote
+    \ keepend extend
 
 " "string"
 syn region p6StringDQ
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
     \ start=+"+
-    \ skip=+\\\@<!\\"+
+    \ skip=+\\\@1<!\\"+
     \ end=+"+
     \ contains=@p6Interp_qq,p6EscDoubleQuote
-
-" Q// and friends.
-
-syn match p6QuoteQ display "\%([Qq]\%(ww\|to\|[qwxsahfcb]\)\?\)\>" nextgroup=p6QPairs skipwhite skipempty
-syn match p6QPairs contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6StringQ,p6StringQ_PIR "\%(\_s*:!\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\?\)*"
-
-if exists("perl6_embedded_pir")
+    \ keepend extend
+
+" Q// and friends
+
+syn match p6QuoteQStart display "\%(:\|\%(sub\|role\)\s\)\@5<![Qq]\@=" nextgroup=p6QuoteQ,p6QuoteQ_q,p6QuoteQ_qww,p6QuoteQ_qq,p6QuoteQ_qto,p6QuoteQ_qqto,p6Identifier
+syn match p6QuoteQ      display "Q\%(qq\|ww\|[abcfhpsqvwx]\)\?[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=p6PairsQ skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match p6QuoteQ_q    display "q[abcfhpsvwx]\?[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=p6PairsQ_q skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match p6QuoteQ_qww  display "qww[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=p6PairsQ_qww skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match p6QuoteQ_qq   display "qq[pwx]\?[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=p6PairsQ_qq skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match p6QuoteQ_qto  display "qto[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=p6StringQ_qto skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match p6QuoteQ_qqto display "qqto[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=p6StringQ_qqto skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match p6QuoteQ_qto  display "q\%(:\%(to\|heredoc\)[A-Za-z(]\@!\)\@=" nextgroup=p6PairsQ_qto skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match p6QuoteQ_qqto display "qq\%(:\%(to\|heredoc\)[A-Za-z(]\@!\)\@=" nextgroup=p6PairsQ_qqto skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match p6PairsQ      "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6StringQ
+syn match p6PairsQ_q    "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6StringQ_q
+syn match p6PairsQ_qww  "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6StringQ_qww
+syn match p6PairsQ_qq   "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6StringQ_qq
+syn match p6PairsQ_qto  "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6StringQ_qto
+syn match p6PairsQ_qqto "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6StringQ_qqto
+
+
+if exists("perl6_embedded_pir") || exists("perl6_extended_all")
     syn include @p6PIR syntax/pir.vim
+    syn match p6Quote_QPIR display "Q[A-Za-z(]\@!\%(\_s*:PIR\)\@=" nextgroup=p6PairsQ_PIR skipwhite skipempty
+    syn match p6Pairs_QPIR contained "\_s*:PIR" transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6StringQ_PIR
 endif
 
 " hardcoded set of delimiters
-let s:delims = [
-  \ ["\\\"",         "\\\"", "p6EscDoubleQuote",  "\\\\\\@<!\\\\\\\""],
-  \ ["'",            "'",    "p6EscQuote",        "\\\\\\@<!\\\\'"],
-  \ ["/",            "/",    "p6EscForwardSlash", "\\\\\\@<!\\\\/"],
-  \ ["`",            "`",    "p6EscBackTick",     "\\\\\\@<!\\\\`"],
-  \ ["|",            "|",    "p6EscVerticalBar",  "\\\\\\@<!\\\\|"],
-  \ ["!",            "!",    "p6EscExclamation",  "\\\\\\@<!\\\\!"],
-  \ [",",            ",",    "p6EscComma",        "\\\\\\@<!\\\\,"],
-  \ ["\\$",          "\\$",  "p6EscDollar",       "\\\\\\@<!\\\\\\$"],
-  \ ["{",            "}",    "p6EscCloseCurly",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\}\\|{[^}]*}\\)"],
-  \ ["<",            ">",    "p6EscCloseAngle",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\>\\|<[^>]*>\\)"],
-  \ ["«",            "»",    "p6EscCloseFrench",  "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\»\\|«[^»]*»\\)"],
-  \ ["\\\[",         "]",    "p6EscCloseBracket", "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\]\\|\\[^\\]]*]\\)"],
-  \ ["\\s\\@<=(",    ")",    "p6EscCloseParen",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\)\\|([^)]*)\\)"],
+let s:plain_delims = [
+  \ ["DQ",          "\\\"",         "\\\"", "p6EscDoubleQuote",  "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\\\\""],
+  \ ["SQ",          "'",            "'",    "p6EscQuote",        "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\'"],
+  \ ["Slash",       "/",            "/",    "p6EscForwardSlash", "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\/"],
+  \ ["BackTick",    "`",            "`",    "p6EscBackTick",     "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\`"],
+  \ ["Bar",         "|",            "|",    "p6EscVerticalBar",  "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\|"],
+  \ ["Exclamation", "!",            "!",    "p6EscExclamation",  "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\!"],
+  \ ["Comma",       ",",            ",",    "p6EscComma",        "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\,"],
+  \ ["Dollar",      "\\$",          "\\$",  "p6EscDollar",       "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\\\$"],
 \ ]
-
-" double and triple delimiters too
-if exists("perl6_extended_q") || exists("perl6_extended_all")
-    call add(s:delims, ["««",           "»»",  "p6EscCloseFrench",  "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\»»\\|««\\%([^»]\\|»»\\@!\\)*»»\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["«««",          "»»»", "p6EscCloseFrench",  "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\»»»\\|«««\\%([^»]\\|»\\%(»»\\)\\@!\\)*»»»\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["{{",           "}}",  "p6EscCloseCurly",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\}}\\|{{\\%([^}]\\|}}\\@!\\)*}}\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["{{{",          "}}}", "p6EscCloseCurly",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\}}}\\|{{{\\%([^}]\\|}\\%(}}\\)\\@!\\)*}}}\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\\[\\\[",     "]]",  "p6EscCloseBracket", "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\]]\\|\\[\\[\\%([^\\]]\\|]]\\@!\\)*]]\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\\[\\\[\\\[", "]]]", "p6EscCloseBracket", "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\]]]\\|\\[\\[\\[\\%([^\\]]\\|]\\%(]]\\)\\@!\\)*]]]\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\s\\@<=((",   "))",  "p6EscCloseParen",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\))\\|((\\%([^)]\\|))\\@!\\)*))\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\s\\@<=(((",  ")))", "p6EscCloseParen",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\)))\\|(((\\%([^)]\\|)\\%())\\)\\@!\\)*)))\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\s\\@<=<<",   ">>",  "p6EscCloseAngle",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\>>\\|<<\\%([^>]\\|>>\\@!\\)*>>\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\s\\@<=<<<",  ">>>", "p6EscCloseAngle",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\>>>\\|<<<\\%([^>]\\|>\\%(>>\\)\\@!\\)*>>>\\)"])
-endif
-
-if !exists("perl6_extended_q") && !exists("perl6_extended_all")
-    " simple version, no special highlighting within the string
-    for [start_delim, end_delim, end_group, skip] in s:delims
-        exec "syn region p6StringQ matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contains=".end_group." contained"
-    endfor
-
-    if exists("perl6_embedded_pir")
-        " highlight embedded PIR code
-        for [start_delim, end_delim, end_group, skip] in s:delims
-            exec "syn region p6StringQ_PIR matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"\\%(Q\\s*:PIR\\s*\\)\\@<=".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contains=@p6PIR,".end_group." contained"
-        endfor
+let s:bracketing_delims = [
+  \ ["Curly",   "{",            "}",    "p6EscCloseCurly",   "\\%(\\\\\\@1<!\\\\}\\|{[^}]*}\\)"],
+  \ ["Angle",   "<",            ">",    "p6EscCloseAngle",   "\\%(\\\\\\@1<!\\\\>\\|<[^>]*>\\)"],
+  \ ["French",  "«",            "»",    "p6EscCloseFrench",  "\\%(\\\\\\@1<!\\\\»\\|«[^»]*»\\)"],
+  \ ["Bracket", "\\\[",         "]",    "p6EscCloseBracket", "\\%(\\\\\\@1<!\\\\]\\|\\[^\\]]*]\\)"],
+  \ ["Paren",   "\\s\\@1<=(",   ")",    "p6EscCloseParen",   "\\%(\\\\\\@1<!\\\\)\\|([^)]*)\\)"],
+\ ]
+let s:all_delims = s:plain_delims + s:bracketing_delims
+
+for [name, start_delim, end_delim, end_group, skip] in s:all_delims
+    exec "syn region p6StringQ matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contains=".end_group." contained"
+    exec "syn region p6StringQ_q matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contains=@p6Interp_q,".end_group." contained"
+    exec "syn region p6StringQ_qww matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contains=@p6Interp_q,p6StringSQ,p6StringDQ".end_group." contained"
+    exec "syn region p6StringQ_qq matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contains=@p6Interp_qq,".end_group." contained"
+    exec "syn region p6StringQ_qto matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\\z([^".end_delim."]\\+\\)".end_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"^\\s*\\z1$\" contains=@p6Interp_q,".end_group." contained"
+    exec "syn region p6StringQ_qqto matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\\z(\[^".end_delim."]\\+\\)".end_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"^\\s*\\z1$\" contains=@p6Interp_qq,".end_group." contained"
+
+    if exists("perl6_embedded_pir") || exists("perl6_extended_all")
+        exec "syn region p6StringQ_PIR matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contains=@p6PIR,".end_group." contained"
     endif
-else
-    let s:before = "syn region p6StringQ matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"\\%("
-    let s:after  = "\\%(\\_s*:!\\?\\K\\%(\\k\\|[-']\\K\\@=\\)*\\%(([^)]*)\\|\\[[^\\]]*]\\|<[^>]*>\\|«[^»]*»\\|{[^}]*}\\)\\?\\)*\\_s*\\)\\@<="
-
-    let s:adverbs = [
-        \ ["s", "scalar"],
-        \ ["a", "array"],
-        \ ["h", "hash"],
-        \ ["f", "function"],
-        \ ["c", "closure"],
-        \ ["b", "backslash"],
-        \ ["w", "words"],
-        \ ["ww", "quotewords"],
-        \ ["x", "exec"],
-    \ ]
-
-    " these can't be conjoined with q and qq (e.g. as qqq and qqqq)
-    let s:q_adverbs = [
-        \ ["q", "single"],
-        \ ["qq", "double"],
-    \ ]
-
-    for [start_delim, end_delim, end_group, skip] in s:delims
-        " Q, q, and qq with any number of (ignored) adverbs
-        exec s:before ."Q". s:after .start_delim."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\""." contained"
-        exec s:before ."q". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_q"." contained"
-        exec s:before ."qq". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_qq"." contained"
-
-        for [short, long] in s:adverbs
-            " Qs, qs, qqs, Qa, qa, qqa, etc, with ignored adverbs
-            exec s:before ."Q".short. s:after .start_delim ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-            exec s:before ."q".short. s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_q,@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-            exec s:before ."qq".short. s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_qq,@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-
-            " Q, q, and qq, with one significant adverb
-            exec s:before ."Q\\s*:\\%(".short."\\|".long."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-            for [q_short, q_long] in s:q_adverbs
-                exec s:before ."Q\\s*:\\%(".q_short."\\|".q_long."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=@p6Interp_".q_long." contained"
-            endfor
-            exec s:before ."q\\s*:\\%(".short."\\|".long."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_q,@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-            exec s:before ."qq\\s*:\\%(".short."\\|".long."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_qq,@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-
-            for [short2, long2] in s:adverbs
-                " Qs, qs, qqs, Qa, qa, qqa, etc, with one significant adverb
-                exec s:before ."Q".short."\\s*:\\%(".short2."\\|".long2."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=@p6Interp_".long.",@p6Interp_".long2." contained"
-                for [q_short2, q_long2] in s:q_adverbs
-                    exec s:before ."Q".short."\\s*:\\%(".q_short2."\\|".q_long2."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=@p6Interp_".long.",@p6Interp_".q_long2." contained"
-                endfor
-                exec s:before ."q".short."\\s*:\\%(".short2."\\|".long2."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_q,@p6Interp_".long.",@p6Interp_".long2." contained"
-                exec s:before ."qq".short."\\s*:\\%(".short2."\\|".long2."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_qq,@p6Interp_".long.",@p6Interp_".long2." contained"
-            endfor
-        endfor
-    endfor
-    unlet s:before s:after s:adverbs s:q_adverbs
-endif
-unlet s:delims
-
-" Match these so something else above can't. E.g. the "q" in "role q { }"
-" should not be considered a string
-syn match p6Normal display "\%(\<\%(role\|grammar\|slang\)\s\+\)\@<=\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*"
+endfor
+unlet s:plain_delims s:all_delims
 
 " :key
-syn match p6Operator display ":\@<!::\@!!\?" nextgroup=p6Key
-syn match p6Key display "\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*" contained
+syn match p6Operator display ":\@1<!::\@!!\?" nextgroup=p6Key,p6StringAngleFixed,p6StringAngles,p6StringFrench
+syn match p6Key display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)" contained nextgroup=p6StringAngleFixed,p6StringAngles,p6StringFrench
 
 " => and p5=> autoquoting
-syn match p6StringP5Auto display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\ze\s\+p5=>"
-syn match p6StringAuto   display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\ze\%(p5\)\@<!=>"
-syn match p6StringAuto   display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\ze\s\+=>"
-syn match p6StringAuto   display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*p5\ze=>"
-
-" Hyperoperators. Needs to come after the quoting operators (<>, «», etc)
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"»"   .s:infix."»\\?\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"«\\?".s:infix."«\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"»"   .s:infix."«\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"«"   .s:infix. "»\""
-
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \">>"          .s:infix."\\%(>>\\)\\?\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"\\%(<<\\)\\?".s:infix."<<\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \">>"          .s:infix."<<\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"<<"          .s:infix.">>\""
-unlet s:infix
+syn match p6StringP5Auto display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\ze\s\+p5=>"
+syn match p6StringAuto   display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\ze\%(p5\)\@2<![RSXZ]\@1<!=>"
+syn match p6StringAuto   display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\ze\s\+=>"
+syn match p6StringAuto   display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)p5\ze=>"
 
 " Regexes and grammars
 
-syn match p6RegexName display "\%(\<\%(regex\|rule\|token\)\s\+\)\@<=\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*" nextgroup=p6RegexBlockCrap skipwhite skipempty
+syn match p6DeclareRegex display "\%(regex\|rule\|token\)" nextgroup=p6RegexName skipwhite skipempty
+syn match p6RegexName    display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\?" nextgroup=p6RegexBlockCrap skipwhite skipempty contained
 syn match p6RegexBlockCrap "[^{]*" nextgroup=p6RegexBlock skipwhite skipempty transparent contained
 
 syn region p6RegexBlock
@@ -775,6 +532,7 @@ syn region p6RegexBlock
 syn cluster p6Regexen
     \ add=p6RxMeta
     \ add=p6RxEscape
+    \ add=p6EscCodePoint
     \ add=p6EscHex
     \ add=p6EscOct
     \ add=p6EscNull
@@ -782,23 +540,79 @@ syn cluster p6Regexen
     \ add=p6RxCapture
     \ add=p6RxGroup
     \ add=p6RxAlternation
+    \ add=p6RxBoundary
     \ add=p6RxAdverb
     \ add=p6RxAdverbArg
     \ add=p6RxStorage
     \ add=p6RxAssertion
+    \ add=p6RxAssertGroup
     \ add=p6RxQuoteWords
     \ add=p6RxClosure
     \ add=p6RxStringSQ
     \ add=p6RxStringDQ
     \ add=p6Comment
+    \ add=p6MatchVarSigil
 
-syn match p6RxMeta        display contained ".\%(\k\|\s\)\@<!"
+syn match p6RxMeta        display contained ".\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|\s\)\@1<!"
 syn match p6RxAnchor      display contained "[$^]"
 syn match p6RxEscape      display contained "\\\S"
 syn match p6RxCapture     display contained "[()]"
 syn match p6RxAlternation display contained "|"
 syn match p6RxRange       display contained "\.\."
 
+" misc escapes
+syn match p6EscOctOld    display "\\[1-9]\d\{1,2}" contained
+syn match p6EscNull      display "\\0\d\@!" contained
+syn match p6EscCodePoint display "\\[cC]" contained nextgroup=p6CodePoint
+syn match p6EscHex       display "\\[xX]" contained nextgroup=p6HexSequence
+syn match p6EscOct       display "\\o" contained nextgroup=p6OctSequence
+syn match p6EscQQ        display "\\qq" contained nextgroup=p6QQSequence
+syn match p6EscOpenCurly display "\\{" contained
+syn match p6EscHash      display "\\#" contained
+syn match p6EscBackSlash display "\\\\" contained
+
+syn region p6QQSequence
+    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
+    \ start="\["
+    \ skip="\[[^\]]*]"
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained transparent
+    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
+
+syn match p6CodePoint   display "\%(\d\+\|\S\)" contained
+syn region p6CodePoint
+    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
+    \ start="\["
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained
+
+syn match p6HexSequence display "\x\+" contained
+syn region p6HexSequence
+    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
+    \ start="\["
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained
+
+syn match p6OctSequence display "\o\+" contained
+syn region p6OctSequence
+    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
+    \ start="\["
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained
+
+" $<match>, @<match>
+syn region p6MatchVarSigil
+    \ matchgroup=p6Variable
+    \ start="[$@]\%(<<\@!\)\@="
+    \ end=">\@1<="
+    \ contains=p6MatchVar
+
+syn region p6MatchVar
+    \ matchgroup=p6Twigil
+    \ start="<"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+
 syn region p6RxClosure
     \ matchgroup=p6Normal
     \ start="{"
@@ -811,42 +625,54 @@ syn region p6RxGroup
     \ start="\["
     \ end="]"
     \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
+    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables,p6MatchVarSigil
 syn region p6RxAssertion
     \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial2
-    \ start="<"
+    \ start="<\%(?\?\%(before\|after\)\|\%(\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)=\)\|[+?*]\)\?"
     \ end=">"
     \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables,p6RxCharClass,p6RxAssertCall
-syn region p6RxAssertCall
-    \ matchgroup=p6Normal
-    \ start="\%(::\|\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\)\@<=(\@="
-    \ end=")\@<="
+    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Identifier,@p6Variables,p6RxCharClass,p6RxAssertCall
+syn region p6RxAssertGroup
+    \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial2
+    \ start="<\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)=\["
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\]"
+    \ end="]"
     \ contained
+syn match p6RxAssertCall display "\%(::\|\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)" contained nextgroup=p6RxAssertArgs
+syn region p6RxAssertArgs
+    \ start="("
+    \ end=")"
+    \ contained keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+syn region p6RxAssertArgs
+    \ start=":"
+    \ end="\ze>"
+    \ contained keepend
     \ contains=TOP
+syn match p6RxBoundary display contained "\%([«»]\|<<\|>>\)"
 syn region p6RxCharClass
     \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial2
-    \ start="\%(<[-!+?]\?\)\@<=\["
+    \ start="\%(<[-!+?]\?\)\@2<=\["
     \ skip="\\]"
     \ end="]"
     \ contained
-    \ contains=p6RxRange,p6RxEscape,p6EscHex,p6EscOct,p6EscNull
+    \ contains=p6RxRange,p6RxEscape,p6EscHex,p6EscOct,p6EscCodePoint,p6EscNull
 syn region p6RxQuoteWords
     \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial2
-    \ start="< "
-    \ end=">"
+    \ start="<\s"
+    \ end="\s\?>"
     \ contained
 syn region p6RxAdverb
-    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)"
+    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)"
     \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
+    \ contained keepend
     \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
 syn region p6RxAdverbArg
-    \ start="\%(:!\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\@<=("
-    \ skip="([^)]*)"
+    \ start="\%(:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\@<=("
+    \ skip="([^)]\{-})"
     \ end=")"
     \ contained
+    \ keepend
     \ contains=TOP
 syn region p6RxStorage
     \ matchgroup=p6Operator
@@ -854,8 +680,136 @@ syn region p6RxStorage
     \ end="$"
     \ contains=TOP
     \ contained
+    \ keepend
+
+" 'string' inside a regex
+syn region p6RxStringSQ
+    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
+    \ start="'"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\'"
+    \ end="'"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=p6EscQuote,p6EscBackSlash
+
+" "string" inside a regex
+syn region p6RxStringDQ
+    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
+    \ start=+"+
+    \ skip=+\\\@1<!\\"+
+    \ end=+"+
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=p6EscDoubleQuote,p6EscBackSlash,@p6Interp_qq
+
+" $!, $var, $!var, $::var, $package::var $*::package::var, etc
+" Thus must come after the matches for the "$" regex anchor, but before
+" the match for the $ regex delimiter
+syn cluster p6Variables
+    \ add=p6VarSlash
+    \ add=p6VarExclam
+    \ add=p6VarMatch
+    \ add=p6VarNum
+    \ add=p6Variable
+
+syn match p6BareSigil    display "[@$%&]\%(\s*\%([,)}=]\|where\>\)\)\@="
+syn match p6VarSlash     display "\$/"
+syn match p6VarExclam    display "\$!"
+syn match p6VarMatch     display "\$¢"
+syn match p6VarNum       display "\$\d\+"
+syn match p6Variable     display "self"
+syn match p6Variable     display "[@$%&]\?[@&$%]\$*\%(::\|\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\|[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@=" nextgroup=p6Twigil,p6VarName,p6PackageScope
+syn match p6VarName      display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)" nextgroup=p6PostHyperOp contained
+syn match p6Close        display "[\])]" nextgroup=p6PostHyperOp
+syn match p6PostHyperOp  display "\%(»\|>>\)" contained
+syn match p6Twigil       display "\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=" nextgroup=p6PackageScope,p6VarName contained
+syn match p6PackageScope display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\?::" nextgroup=p6PackageScope,p6VarName contained
+
+" Perl 6 regex regions
+
+syn match p6MatchStart_m    display "\.\@1<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!" skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6MatchAdverbs_m
+syn match p6MatchStart_s    display "\.\@1<!\<s\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!" skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6MatchAdverbs_s
+syn match p6MatchStart_tr   display "\.\@1<!\<tr\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!" skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6MatchAdverbs_tr
+syn match p6MatchAdverbs_m  "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6Match
+syn match p6MatchAdverbs_s  "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6Substitution
+syn match p6MatchAdverbs_tr "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6Transliteration
+
+" /foo/
+syn region p6MatchBare
+    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
+    \ start="/\@1<!\%(\%(\_^\|[!\[,=~|&/:({]\|\^\?fff\?\^\?\|=>\|\<\%(if\|unless\|while\|when\|where\|so\)\)\s*\)\@<=/[/=]\@!"
+    \ skip="\\/"
+    \ end="/"
+    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarExclam,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
+
+" m/foo/, m$foo$, m!foo!, etc
+syn region p6Match
+    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
+    \ start=+\z([/!$,|`"]\)+
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarNum
+
+" m<foo>, m«foo», m{foo}, etc
+for [name, start_delim, end_delim, end_group, skip] in s:bracketing_delims
+    exec "syn region p6Match matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contained keepend contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables"
+endfor
+
+" Substitutions
+
+" s/foo//, s$foo$$, s!foo!!, etc
+syn region p6Substitution
+    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
+    \ start=+\z([/!$,|`"]\)+
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"me=e-1
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarNum
+    \ nextgroup=p6Replacement
+
+syn region p6Replacement
+    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
+    \ start="\z(.\)"
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
+
+" s<foo><bar>, s«foo»«bar», s{foo}{bar}, etc
+for [name, start_delim, end_delim, end_group, skip] in s:bracketing_delims
+    exec "syn region p6Substitution matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contained keepend contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables nextgroup=p6Repl".name
+    exec "syn region p6Repl".name." matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contained keepend contains=@p6Interp_qq"
+endfor
+
+" Transliteration
+
+" tr/foo/bar/, tr|foo|bar, etc
+syn region p6Transliteration
+    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
+    \ start=+\z([/!$,|`"]\)+
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"me=e-1
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=p6RxRange
+    \ nextgroup=p6TransRepl
+
+syn region p6TransRepl
+    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
+    \ start="\z(.\)"
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq,p6RxRange
 
-" Perl 5 regex bits
+" tr<foo><bar>, tr«foo»«bar», tr{foo}{bar}, etc
+for [name, start_delim, end_delim, end_group, skip] in s:bracketing_delims
+    exec "syn region p6Transliteration matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contained keepend contains=p6RxRange nextgroup=p6TransRepl".name
+    exec "syn region p6TransRepl".name." matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contained keepend contains=@p6Interp_qq,p6RxRange"
+endfor
+unlet s:bracketing_delims
+
+if exists("perl6_perl5_regexes") || exists("perl6_extended_all")
+
+" Perl 5 regex regions
 
 syn cluster p6RegexP5Base
     \ add=p6RxP5Escape
@@ -901,12 +855,12 @@ syn region p6RxP5HexSeq
     \ contained
 syn region p6RxP5Named
     \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
-    \ start="\%(\\N\)\@<={"
+    \ start="\%(\\N\)\@2<={"
     \ end="}"
     \ contained
-syn match p6RxP5Quantifier display contained "\%([+*]\|(\@<!?\)"
+syn match p6RxP5Quantifier display contained "\%([+*]\|(\@1<!?\)"
 syn match p6RxP5ReadRef    display contained "\\[1-9]\d\@!"
-syn match p6RxP5ReadRef    display contained "\\k<\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5ReadRefId
+syn match p6RxP5ReadRef    display contained "\[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]<\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5ReadRefId
 syn region p6RxP5ReadRefId
     \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
     \ start="<"
@@ -927,7 +881,7 @@ syn region p6RxP5PropId
     \ end="}"
     \ contained
 syn match p6RxP5Meta       display contained "[(|).]"
-syn match p6RxP5ParenMod   display contained "(\@<=?\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5Mod,p6RxP5ModName,p6RxP5Code
+syn match p6RxP5ParenMod   display contained "(\@1<=?\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5Mod,p6RxP5ModName,p6RxP5Code
 syn match p6RxP5Mod        display contained "?\%(<\?=\|<\?!\|[#:|]\)"
 syn match p6RxP5Mod        display contained "?-\?[impsx]\+"
 syn match p6RxP5Mod        display contained "?\%([-+]\?\d\+\|R\)"
@@ -957,7 +911,7 @@ syn region p6RxP5CountId
     \ start="{"
     \ end="}"
     \ contained
-syn match p6RxP5Verb       display contained "(\@<=\*\%(\%(PRUNE\|SKIP\|THEN\)\%(:[^)]*\)\?\|\%(MARK\|\):[^)]*\|COMMIT\|F\%(AIL\)\?\|ACCEPT\)"
+syn match p6RxP5Verb       display contained "(\@1<=\*\%(\%(PRUNE\|SKIP\|THEN\)\%(:[^)]*\)\?\|\%(MARK\|\):[^)]*\|COMMIT\|F\%(AIL\)\?\|ACCEPT\)"
 syn region p6RxP5QuoteMeta
     \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
     \ start="\\Q"
@@ -978,231 +932,10 @@ syn region p6RxP5Posix
     \ contained
 syn match p6RxP5Range      display contained "-"
 
-" 'string' inside a regex
-syn region p6RxStringSQ
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="'"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\'"
-    \ end="'"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6EscQuote,p6EscBackSlash
-
-" "string" inside a regex
-syn region p6RxStringDQ
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start=+"+
-    \ skip=+\\\@<!\\"+
-    \ end=+"+
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6EscDoubleQuote,p6EscBackSlash
-
-" $!, $var, $!var, $::var, $package::var $*::package::var, etc
-" Thus must come after the matches for the "$" regex anchor, but before
-" the match for the $ regex delimiter
-syn cluster p6Variables
-    \ add=p6VarSlash
-    \ add=p6VarExclam
-    \ add=p6VarMatch
-    \ add=p6VarNum
-    \ add=p6Variable
-
-syn match p6VarSlash     display "\$/"
-syn match p6VarExclam    display "\$!"
-syn match p6VarMatch     display "\$¢"
-syn match p6VarNum       display "\$\d\+"
-syn match p6Variable     display "\%(@@\|[@&$%]\$*\)\%(::\|\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\)\|\K\)\@=" nextgroup=p6Twigil,p6VarName,p6PackageScope
-syn match p6VarName      display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*" contained
-syn match p6Twigil       display "\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=" nextgroup=p6PackageScope,p6VarName contained
-syn match p6PackageScope display "\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\?::" nextgroup=p6PackageScope,p6VarName contained
-
-" Perl 6 regex regions
-
-" /foo/
-" Below some hacks to recognise the // variant. This is virtually impossible
-" to catch in all cases as the / is used in so many other ways, but these
-" should be the most obvious ones.
-" TODO: mostly stolen from perl.vim, might need more work
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\%(\<\%(split\|while\|until\|if\|unless\)\|\.\.\|[-+*!~(\[{=]\)\s*\)\@<=//\@!"
-    \ start="^//\@!"
-    \ start=+\s\@<=/[^[:space:][:digit:]$@%=]\@=\%(/\_s*\%([([{$@%&*[:digit:]"'`]\|\_s\w\|[[:upper:]_abd-fhjklnqrt-wyz]\)\)\@!/\@!+
-    \ skip="\\/"
-    \ end="/"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarExclam,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-
-" m/foo/, mm/foo/, rx/foo/
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=//\@!"
-    \ skip="\\/"
-    \ end="/"
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarExclam,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-
-" m!foo!, mm!foo!, rx!foo!
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=!!\@!"
-    \ skip="\\!"
-    \ end="!"
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarSlash,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-
-" m$foo$, mm$foo$, rx$foo$, m|foo|, mm|foo|, rx|foo|, etc
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=\z([\"'`|,$]\)\$\@!"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" m (foo), mm (foo), rx (foo)
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s\+\)\@<=()\@!)\@!"
-    \ skip="\\)"
-    \ end=")"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" m[foo], mm[foo], rx[foo]
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=\[]\@!]\@!"
-    \ skip="\\]"
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" m{foo}, mm{foo}, rx{foo}
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<={}\@!}\@!"
-    \ skip="\\}"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" m<foo>, mm<foo>, rx<foo>
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=<>\@!>\@!"
-    \ skip="\\>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" m«foo», mm«foo», rx«foo»
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=«»\@!»\@!"
-    \ skip="\\»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" Substitutions
-
-" s/foo/bar/
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=/"
-    \ skip="\\/"
-    \ end="/"me=e-1
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarExclam,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-    \ nextgroup=p6Substitution
-
-syn region p6Substitution
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="/"
-    \ skip="\\/"
-    \ end="/"
-    \ contained
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
-
-" s!foo!bar!
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=!"
-    \ skip="\\!"
-    \ end="!"me=e-1
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarSlash,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-    \ nextgroup=p6Substitution
-
-syn region p6Substitution
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="!"
-    \ skip="\\!"
-    \ end="!"
-    \ contained
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
-
-" s$foo$bar$, s|foo|bar, etc
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=\z([\"'`|,$]\)"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"me=e-1
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-    \ nextgroup=p6Substitution
-
-syn region p6Substitution
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\z([\"'`|,$]\)"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"
-    \ contained
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
-
-" s{foo}
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<={}\@!"
-    \ skip="\\}"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" s[foo]
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=\[]\@!"
-    \ skip="\\]"
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" s<foo>
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=<>\@!"
-    \ skip="\\>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" s«foo»
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=«»\@!"
-    \ skip="\\»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" s (foo)
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s\+\)\@<=()\@!"
-    \ skip="\\)"
-    \ end=")"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" Perl 5 regex regions
-
 " m:P5//
 syn region p6Match
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=/"
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=/"
     \ skip="\\/"
     \ end="/"
     \ contains=@p6RegexP5,p6Variable,p6VarExclam,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
@@ -1210,7 +943,7 @@ syn region p6Match
 " m:P5!!
 syn region p6Match
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=!"
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=!"
     \ skip="\\!"
     \ end="!"
     \ contains=@p6RegexP5,p6Variable,p6VarSlash,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
@@ -1218,7 +951,7 @@ syn region p6Match
 " m:P5$$, m:P5||, etc
 syn region p6Match
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=\z([\"'`|,$]\)"
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=\z([\"'`|,$]\)"
     \ skip="\\\z1"
     \ end="\z1"
     \ contains=@p6RegexP5,@p6Variables
@@ -1226,7 +959,7 @@ syn region p6Match
 " m:P5 ()
 syn region p6Match
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s\+\)\@<=()\@!"
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s\+\)\@<=()\@!"
     \ skip="\\)"
     \ end=")"
     \ contains=@p6RegexP5,@p6Variables
@@ -1234,7 +967,7 @@ syn region p6Match
 " m:P5[]
 syn region p6Match
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=[]\@!"
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=[]\@!"
     \ skip="\\]"
     \ end="]"
     \ contains=@p6RegexP5,@p6Variables
@@ -1242,7 +975,7 @@ syn region p6Match
 " m:P5{}
 syn region p6Match
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<={}\@!"
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<={}\@!"
     \ skip="\\}"
     \ end="}"
     \ contains=@p6RegexP5,p6Variables
@@ -1250,7 +983,7 @@ syn region p6Match
 " m:P5<>
 syn region p6Match
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=<>\@!"
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=<>\@!"
     \ skip="\\>"
     \ end=">"
     \ contains=@p6RegexP5,p6Variables
@@ -1258,180 +991,130 @@ syn region p6Match
 " m:P5«»
 syn region p6Match
     \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=«»\@!"
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=«»\@!"
     \ skip="\\»"
     \ end="»"
     \ contains=@p6RegexP5,p6Variables
 
-" Transliteration
-
-" tr/foo/bar/, tr|foo|bar, etc
-syn region p6String
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<tr\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=\z([/\"'`|!,$]\)"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"me=e-1
-    \ contains=p6RxRange
-    \ nextgroup=p6Transliteration
-
-syn region p6Transliteration
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\z([/\"'`|!,$]\)"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
+endif
 
 " Comments
 
+syn match p6Attention display "\<\%(ACHTUNG\|ATTN\|ATTENTION\|FIXME\|NB\|TODO\|TBD\|WTF\|XXX\|NOTE\)" contained
+
 " normal end-of-line comment
-syn match p6Comment display "#.*" contains=p6Attention
+syn match p6Comment display "#`\@!.*" contains=p6Attention
 
 " Multiline comments. Arbitrary numbers of opening brackets are allowed,
 " but we only define regions for 1 to 3
 syn region p6Comment
-    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-    \ start="^\@<!#("
+    \ start="#`("
     \ skip="([^)]*)"
     \ end=")"
-    \ matchgroup=p6Error
-    \ start="^#("
     \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
 syn region p6Comment
-    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-    \ start="^\@<!#\["
+    \ start="#`\["
     \ skip="\[[^\]]*]"
     \ end="]"
-    \ matchgroup=p6Error
-    \ start="^#\["
     \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
 syn region p6Comment
-    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-    \ start="^\@<!#{"
+    \ start="#`{"
     \ skip="{[^}]*}"
     \ end="}"
-    \ matchgroup=p6Error
-    \ start="^#{"
     \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
 syn region p6Comment
-    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-    \ start="^\@<!#<"
+    \ start="#`<"
     \ skip="<[^>]*>"
     \ end=">"
-    \ matchgroup=p6Error
-    \ start="^#<"
     \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
 syn region p6Comment
-    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-    \ start="^\@<!#«"
+    \ start="#`«"
     \ skip="«[^»]*»"
     \ end="»"
-    \ matchgroup=p6Error
-    \ start="^#«"
     \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
 
-" double and triple delimiters
-if exists("perl6_extended_comments") || exists("perl6_extended_all")
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#(("
-        \ skip="((\%([^)\|))\@!]\)*))"
-        \ end="))"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#(("
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#((("
-        \ skip="(((\%([^)]\|)\%())\)\@!\)*)))"
-        \ end=")))"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#((("
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#\[\["
-        \ skip="\[\[\%([^\]]\|]]\@!\)*]]"
-        \ end="]]"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#\[\["
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#\[\[\["
-        \ skip="\[\[\[\%([^\]]\|]\%(]]\)\@!\)*]]]"
-        \ end="]]]"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#\[\[\["
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#{{"
-        \ skip="{{\%([^}]\|}}\@!\)*}}"
-        \ end="}}"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#{{"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#{{{"
-        \ skip="{{{\%([^}]\|}\%(}}\)\@!\)*}}}"
-        \ end="}}}"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#{{{"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#<<"
-        \ skip="<<\%([^>]\|>>\@!\)*>>"
-        \ end=">>"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#<<"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#<<<"
-        \ skip="<<<\%([^>]\|>\%(>>\)\@!\)*>>>"
-        \ end=">>>"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#<<<"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#««"
-        \ skip="««\%([^»]\|»»\@!\)*»»"
-        \ end="»»"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#««"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#«««"
-        \ skip="«««\%([^»]\|»\%(»»\)\@!\)*»»»"
-        \ end="»»»"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#«««"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-endif
+" Comments with double and triple delimiters
+syn region p6Comment
+    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
+    \ start="#`(("
+    \ skip="((\%([^)\|))\@!]\)*))"
+    \ end="))"
+    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
+syn region p6Comment
+    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
+    \ start="#`((("
+    \ skip="(((\%([^)]\|)\%())\)\@!\)*)))"
+    \ end=")))"
+    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
+
+syn region p6Comment
+    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
+    \ start="#`\[\["
+    \ skip="\[\[\%([^\]]\|]]\@!\)*]]"
+    \ end="]]"
+    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
+syn region p6Comment
+    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
+    \ start="#`\[\[\["
+    \ skip="\[\[\[\%([^\]]\|]\%(]]\)\@!\)*]]]"
+    \ end="]]]"
+    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
+
+syn region p6Comment
+    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
+    \ start="#`{{"
+    \ skip="{{\%([^}]\|}}\@!\)*}}"
+    \ end="}}"
+    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
+syn region p6Comment
+    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
+    \ start="#`{{{"
+    \ skip="{{{\%([^}]\|}\%(}}\)\@!\)*}}}"
+    \ end="}}}"
+    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
+
+syn region p6Comment
+    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
+    \ start="#`<<"
+    \ skip="<<\%([^>]\|>>\@!\)*>>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
+syn region p6Comment
+    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
+    \ start="#`<<<"
+    \ skip="<<<\%([^>]\|>\%(>>\)\@!\)*>>>"
+    \ end=">>>"
+    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
+
+syn region p6Comment
+    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
+    \ start="#`««"
+    \ skip="««\%([^»]\|»»\@!\)*»»"
+    \ end="»»"
+    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
+syn region p6Comment
+    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
+    \ start="#`«««"
+    \ skip="«««\%([^»]\|»\%(»»\)\@!\)*»»»"
+    \ end="»»»"
+    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
+
+syn match p6Shebang display "\%^#!.*"
 
 " Pod
 
 " Abbreviated blocks (implicit code forbidden)
 syn region p6PodAbbrRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=\ze\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="^\s*\zs=\ze\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contains=p6PodAbbrNoCodeType
     \ keepend
 
 syn region p6PodAbbrNoCodeType
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodName,p6PodAbbrNoCode
 
@@ -1440,42 +1123,42 @@ syn match p6PodComment contained ".\+"
 
 syn region p6PodAbbrNoCode
     \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=@p6PodFormat
 
 " Abbreviated blocks (everything is code)
 syn region p6PodAbbrRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=\zecode\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="^\s*\zs=\zecode\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contains=p6PodAbbrCodeType
     \ keepend
 
 syn region p6PodAbbrCodeType
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodName,p6PodAbbrCode
 
 syn region p6PodAbbrCode
     \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
 
 " Abbreviated blocks (everything is a comment)
 syn region p6PodAbbrRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
     \ start="^=\zecomment\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contains=p6PodAbbrCommentType
     \ keepend
 
 syn region p6PodAbbrCommentType
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodComment,p6PodAbbrNoCode
 
@@ -1483,20 +1166,20 @@ syn region p6PodAbbrCommentType
 syn region p6PodAbbrRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
     \ start="^=\ze\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contains=p6PodAbbrType
     \ keepend
 
 syn region p6PodAbbrType
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodName,p6PodAbbr
 
 syn region p6PodAbbr
     \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=@p6PodFormat,p6PodImplicitCode
 
@@ -1510,7 +1193,7 @@ syn region p6PodAbbrRegion
 
 syn region p6PodAbbrEOFType
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
     \ end="\%$"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodName,p6PodAbbrEOF
@@ -1525,20 +1208,20 @@ syn region p6PodAbbrEOF
 syn region p6PodDirectRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
     \ start="^=\%(config\|use\)\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
     \ contains=p6PodDirectArgRegion
     \ keepend
 
 syn region p6PodDirectArgRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
     \ start="\S\+"
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodDirectConfigRegion
 
 syn region p6PodDirectConfigRegion
     \ start=""
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=@p6PodConfig
 
@@ -1546,84 +1229,81 @@ syn region p6PodDirectConfigRegion
 syn region p6PodDirectRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
     \ start="^=encoding\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
     \ contains=p6PodEncodingArgRegion
     \ keepend
 
 syn region p6PodEncodingArgRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodName
     \ start="\S\+"
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
     \ contained
 
 " Paragraph blocks (implicit code forbidden)
 syn region p6PodParaRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=for\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="^\s*\zs=for\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contains=p6PodParaNoCodeTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
+    \ keepend extend
 
 syn region p6PodParaNoCodeTypeRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodParaNoCode,p6PodParaConfigRegion
 
 syn region p6PodParaConfigRegion
     \ start=""
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\k\@<!\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@1<!\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=@p6PodConfig
 
 syn region p6PodParaNoCode
     \ start="^[^=]"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=@p6PodFormat
 
 " Paragraph blocks (everything is code)
 syn region p6PodParaRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=for\>\ze\s*code\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="^\s*\zs=for\>\ze\s*code\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contains=p6PodParaCodeTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
+    \ keepend extend
 
 syn region p6PodParaCodeTypeRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodParaCode,p6PodParaConfigRegion
 
 syn region p6PodParaCode
     \ start="^[^=]"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
 
 " Paragraph blocks (implicit code allowed)
 syn region p6PodParaRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=for\>\ze\s*\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="^\s*\zs=for\>\ze\s*\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contains=p6PodParaTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
+    \ keepend extend
 
 syn region p6PodParaTypeRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodPara,p6PodParaConfigRegion
 
 syn region p6PodPara
     \ start="^[^=]"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=@p6PodFormat,p6PodImplicitCode
 
@@ -1633,12 +1313,11 @@ syn region p6PodParaRegion
     \ start="^=for\>\ze\s\+END\>"
     \ end="\%$"
     \ contains=p6PodParaEOFTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
+    \ keepend extend
 
 syn region p6PodParaEOFTypeRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
     \ end="\%$"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodParaEOF,p6PodParaConfigRegion
@@ -1652,72 +1331,72 @@ syn region p6PodParaEOF
 " Delimited blocks (implicit code forbidden)
 syn region p6PodDelimRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=begin\>"
-    \ end="^=end\>"
+    \ start="^\z(\s*\)\zs=begin\>"
+    \ end="^\z1\zs=end\>"
     \ contains=p6PodDelimNoCodeTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
+    \ keepend extend skipwhite
+    \ nextgroup=p6PodType
 
 syn region p6PodDelimNoCodeTypeRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodDelimNoCode,p6PodDelimConfigRegion
 
 syn region p6PodDelimConfigRegion
     \ start=""
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
     \ contained
     \ contains=@p6PodConfig
 
 syn region p6PodDelimNoCode
     \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
     \ contained
     \ contains=@p6PodNestedBlocks,@p6PodFormat
 
 " Delimited blocks (everything is code)
 syn region p6PodDelimRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=begin\>\ze\s*code\>"
-    \ end="^=end\>"
+    \ start="^\z(\s*\)\zs=begin\>\ze\s*code\>"
+    \ end="^\z1\zs=end\>"
     \ contains=p6PodDelimCodeTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
+    \ keepend extend skipwhite
+    \ nextgroup=p6PodType
 
 syn region p6PodDelimCodeTypeRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodDelimCode,p6PodDelimConfigRegion
 
 syn region p6PodDelimCode
     \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
     \ contained
     \ contains=@p6PodNestedBlocks
 
 " Delimited blocks (implicit code allowed)
 syn region p6PodDelimRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=begin\>\ze\s*\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
-    \ end="^=end\>"
+    \ start="^\z(\s*\)\zs=begin\>\ze\s*\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
+    \ end="^\z1\zs=end\>"
     \ contains=p6PodDelimTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
+    \ keepend extend skipwhite
+    \ nextgroup=p6PodType
 
 syn region p6PodDelimTypeRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodDelim,p6PodDelimConfigRegion
 
 syn region p6PodDelim
     \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
     \ contained
     \ contains=@p6PodNestedBlocks,@p6PodFormat,p6PodImplicitCode
 
@@ -1726,12 +1405,12 @@ syn region p6PodDelimRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
     \ start="^=begin\>\ze\s\+END\>"
     \ end="\%$"
-    \ contains=p6PodDelimEOFTypeRegion
     \ extend
+    \ contains=p6PodDelimEOFTypeRegion
 
 syn region p6PodDelimEOFTypeRegion
     \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
     \ end="\%$"
     \ contained
     \ contains=p6PodDelimEOF,p6PodDelimConfigRegion
@@ -1764,11 +1443,7 @@ syn match p6PodColon          display contained ":"
 syn match p6PodSemicolon      display contained ";"
 syn match p6PodComma          display contained ","
 syn match p6PodImplicitCode   display contained "^\s.*"
-
-syn region p6PodDelimEndRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\%(^=end\>\)\@<="
-    \ end="\K\k*"
+syn match p6PodType           display contained "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
 
 " These may appear inside delimited blocks
 syn cluster p6PodNestedBlocks
@@ -1776,7 +1451,6 @@ syn cluster p6PodNestedBlocks
     \ add=p6PodDirectRegion
     \ add=p6PodParaRegion
     \ add=p6PodDelimRegion
-    \ add=p6PodDelimEndRegion
 
 " Pod formatting codes
 
@@ -1793,8 +1467,7 @@ syn region p6PodFormatAnglesOne
     \ start="<"
     \ skip="<[^>]*>"
     \ end=">"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
+    \ transparent contained
     \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatAnglesOne
 
 syn region p6PodFormatAnglesTwo
@@ -1802,8 +1475,7 @@ syn region p6PodFormatAnglesTwo
     \ start="<<"
     \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
     \ end=">>"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
+    \ transparent contained
     \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatAnglesTwo
 
 syn region p6PodFormatAnglesThree
@@ -1811,8 +1483,7 @@ syn region p6PodFormatAnglesThree
     \ start="<<<"
     \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
     \ end=">>>"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
+    \ transparent contained
     \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatAnglesTwo,p6PodFormatAnglesThree
 
 syn region p6PodFormatAnglesFrench
@@ -1820,8 +1491,7 @@ syn region p6PodFormatAnglesFrench
     \ start="«"
     \ skip="«[^»]*»"
     \ end="»"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
+    \ transparent contained
     \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatAnglesTwo,p6PodFormatAnglesThree
 
 " All formatting codes
@@ -2073,116 +1743,155 @@ if version >= 508 || !exists("did_perl6_syntax_inits")
         command -nargs=+ HiLink hi def link <args>
     endif
 
-    HiLink p6EscOctOld       p6Error
-    HiLink p6PackageTwigil   p6Twigil
-    HiLink p6StringAngle     p6String
-    HiLink p6StringFrench    p6String
-    HiLink p6StringAngles    p6String
-    HiLink p6StringSQ        p6String
-    HiLink p6StringDQ        p6String
-    HiLink p6StringQ         p6String
-    HiLink p6RxStringSQ      p6String
-    HiLink p6RxStringDQ      p6String
-    HiLink p6Substitution    p6String
-    HiLink p6Transliteration p6String
-    HiLink p6StringAuto      p6String
-    HiLink p6StringP5Auto    p6String
-    HiLink p6Key             p6String
-    HiLink p6Match           p6String
-    HiLink p6RegexBlock      p6String
-    HiLink p6RxP5CharClass   p6String
-    HiLink p6RxP5QuoteMeta   p6String
-    HiLink p6RxCharClass     p6String
-    HiLink p6RxQuoteWords    p6String
-    HiLink p6ReduceOp        p6Operator
-    HiLink p6ReverseCrossOp  p6Operator
-    HiLink p6HyperOp         p6Operator
-    HiLink p6QuoteQ          p6Operator
-    HiLink p6RxRange         p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxAnchor        p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5Anchor      p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6CodePoint       p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxMeta          p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5Range       p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5CPId        p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5Posix       p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5Mod         p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5HexSeq      p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5OctSeq      p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5WriteRefId  p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6HexSequence     p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6OctSequence     p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5Named       p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5PropId      p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5Quantifier  p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5CountId     p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6RxP5Verb        p6StringSpecial
-    HiLink p6Escape          p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscNull         p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscHash         p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscQQ           p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscQuote        p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscDoubleQuote  p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscBackTick     p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscForwardSlash p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscVerticalBar  p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscExclamation  p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscDollar       p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscOpenCurly    p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscCloseCurly   p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscCloseBracket p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscCloseAngle   p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscCloseFrench  p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6EscBackSlash    p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxEscape        p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxCapture       p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxAlternation   p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxP5            p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxP5ReadRef     p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxP5Oct         p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxP5Hex         p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxP5EscMeta     p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxP5Meta        p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxP5Escape      p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxP5CodePoint   p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxP5WriteRef    p6StringSpecial2
-    HiLink p6RxP5Prop        p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscOctOld        p6Error
+    HiLink p6PackageTwigil    p6Twigil
+    HiLink p6StringAngle      p6String
+    HiLink p6StringAngleFixed p6String
+    HiLink p6StringFrench     p6String
+    HiLink p6StringAngles     p6String
+    HiLink p6StringSQ         p6String
+    HiLink p6StringDQ         p6String
+    HiLink p6StringQ          p6String
+    HiLink p6StringQ_q        p6String
+    HiLink p6StringQ_qww      p6String
+    HiLink p6StringQ_qq       p6String
+    HiLink p6StringQ_qto      p6String
+    HiLink p6StringQ_qqto     p6String
+    HiLink p6RxStringSQ       p6String
+    HiLink p6RxStringDQ       p6String
+    HiLink p6Replacement      p6String
+    HiLink p6ReplCurly        p6String
+    HiLink p6ReplAngle        p6String
+    HiLink p6ReplFrench       p6String
+    HiLink p6ReplBracket      p6String
+    HiLink p6ReplParen        p6String
+    HiLink p6Transliteration  p6String
+    HiLink p6TransRepl        p6String
+    HiLink p6TransReplCurly   p6String
+    HiLink p6TransReplAngle   p6String
+    HiLink p6TransReplFrench  p6String
+    HiLink p6TransReplBracket p6String
+    HiLink p6TransReplParen   p6String
+    HiLink p6StringAuto       p6String
+    HiLink p6StringP5Auto     p6String
+    HiLink p6Key              p6String
+    HiLink p6Match            p6String
+    HiLink p6Substitution     p6String
+    HiLink p6MatchBare        p6String
+    HiLink p6RegexBlock       p6String
+    HiLink p6RxP5CharClass    p6String
+    HiLink p6RxP5QuoteMeta    p6String
+    HiLink p6RxCharClass      p6String
+    HiLink p6RxQuoteWords     p6String
+    HiLink p6ReduceOp         p6Operator
+    HiLink p6SetOp            p6Operator
+    HiLink p6RSXZOp           p6Operator
+    HiLink p6HyperOp          p6Operator
+    HiLink p6PostHyperOp      p6Operator
+    HiLink p6QuoteQ           p6Quote
+    HiLink p6QuoteQ_q         p6Quote
+    HiLink p6QuoteQ_qww       p6Quote
+    HiLink p6QuoteQ_qq        p6Quote
+    HiLink p6QuoteQ_qto       p6Quote
+    HiLink p6QuoteQ_qqto      p6Quote
+    HiLink p6QuoteQ_PIR       p6Quote
+    HiLink p6MatchStart_m     p6Quote
+    HiLink p6MatchStart_s     p6Quote
+    HiLink p6MatchStart_tr    p6Quote
+    HiLink p6BareSigil        p6Variable
+    HiLink p6RxRange          p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxAnchor         p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxBoundary       p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5Anchor       p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6CodePoint        p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxMeta           p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5Range        p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5CPId         p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5Posix        p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5Mod          p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5HexSeq       p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5OctSeq       p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5WriteRefId   p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6HexSequence      p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6OctSequence      p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5Named        p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5PropId       p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5Quantifier   p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5CountId      p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxP5Verb         p6StringSpecial
+    HiLink p6RxAssertGroup    p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6Escape           p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscNull          p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscHash          p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscQQ            p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscQuote         p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscDoubleQuote   p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscBackTick      p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscForwardSlash  p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscVerticalBar   p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscExclamation   p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscDollar        p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscOpenCurly     p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscCloseCurly    p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscCloseBracket  p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscCloseAngle    p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscCloseFrench   p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscBackSlash     p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscCodePoint     p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscOct           p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6EscHex           p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxEscape         p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxCapture        p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxAlternation    p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxP5             p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxP5ReadRef      p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxP5Oct          p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxP5Hex          p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxP5EscMeta      p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxP5Meta         p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxP5Escape       p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxP5CodePoint    p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxP5WriteRef     p6StringSpecial2
+    HiLink p6RxP5Prop         p6StringSpecial2
 
     HiLink p6Property       Tag
     HiLink p6Attention      Todo
     HiLink p6Type           Type
     HiLink p6Error          Error
     HiLink p6BlockLabel     Label
-    HiLink p6Float          Float
     HiLink p6Normal         Normal
+    HiLink p6Identifier     Normal
     HiLink p6Package        Normal
     HiLink p6PackageScope   Normal
     HiLink p6Number         Number
-    HiLink p6VersionNum     Number
+    HiLink p6OctNumber      Number
+    HiLink p6BinNumber      Number
+    HiLink p6HexNumber      Number
+    HiLink p6DecNumber      Number
     HiLink p6String         String
     HiLink p6Repeat         Repeat
-    HiLink p6Keyword        Keyword
     HiLink p6Pragma         Keyword
     HiLink p6Module         Keyword
     HiLink p6DeclareRoutine Keyword
+    HiLink p6DeclareRegex   Keyword
     HiLink p6VarStorage     Special
     HiLink p6FlowControl    Special
-    HiLink p6NumberBase     Special
+    HiLink p6OctBase        Special
+    HiLink p6BinBase        Special
+    HiLink p6HexBase        Special
+    HiLink p6DecBase        Special
     HiLink p6Twigil         Special
     HiLink p6StringSpecial2 Special
-    HiLink p6VersionDot     Special
+    HiLink p6Version        Special
     HiLink p6Comment        Comment
     HiLink p6Include        Include
     HiLink p6Shebang        PreProc
     HiLink p6ClosureTrait   PreProc
-    HiLink p6Routine        Function
     HiLink p6Operator       Operator
-    HiLink p6Version        Operator
     HiLink p6Context        Operator
     HiLink p6Quote          Delimiter
     HiLink p6TypeConstraint PreCondit
     HiLink p6Exception      Exception
-    HiLink p6Placeholder    Identifier
     HiLink p6Variable       Identifier
     HiLink p6VarSlash       Identifier
     HiLink p6VarNum         Identifier
@@ -2234,16 +1943,13 @@ if version >= 508 || !exists("did_perl6_syntax_inits")
     delcommand HiLink
 endif
 
-" Syncing to speed up processing
-"syn sync match p6SyncPod groupthere p6PodAbbrRegion     "^=\K\k*\>"
-"syn sync match p6SyncPod groupthere p6PodDirectRegion   "^=\%(config\|use\|encoding\)\>"
-"syn sync match p6SyncPod groupthere p6PodParaRegion     "^=for\>"
-"syn sync match p6SyncPod groupthere p6PodDelimRegion    "^=begin\>"
-"syn sync match p6SyncPod groupthere p6PodDelimEndRegion "^=end\>"
-
-" Let's just sync whole file, the other methods aren't reliable (or I don't
-" know how to use them reliably)
-syn sync fromstart
+if exists("perl6_fold") || exists("perl6_extended_all")
+    setl foldmethod=syntax
+    syn region p6BlockFold
+        \ start="^\z(\s*\)\%(my\|our\|augment\|multi\|proto\|only\)\?\s*\%(\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\s\+\)\?\<\%(CATCH\|try\|ENTER\|LEAVE\|CHECK\|INIT\|BEGIN\|END\|KEEP\|UNDO\|PRE\|POST\|module\|package\|enum\|subset\|class\|sub\%(method\)\?\|multi\|method\|slang\|grammar\|regex\|token\|rule\)\>[^{]\+{\%(\s+\|#.*\)\?$"
+        \ end="^\z1}"
+        \ transparent fold keepend extend
+endif
 
 let b:current_syntax = "perl6"
 
diff --git a/syntax/scala.vim b/syntax/scala.vim
index 9ac17a96..2d727d08 100644
--- a/syntax/scala.vim
+++ b/syntax/scala.vim
@@ -55,7 +55,9 @@ syn match scalaSymbol /'[_A-Za-z0-9$]\+/
 hi link scalaSymbol Number
 
 syn match scalaChar /'.'/
-syn match scalaEscapedChar /\\[\\"ntbrf]/
+syn match scalaChar /'\\[\\"'ntbrf]'/ contains=scalaEscapedChar
+syn match scalaChar /'\\u[A-Fa-f0-9]\{4}'/ contains=scalaUnicodeChar
+syn match scalaEscapedChar /\\[\\"'ntbrf]/
 syn match scalaUnicodeChar /\\u[A-Fa-f0-9]\{4}/
 hi link scalaChar Character
 hi link scalaEscapedChar Function
@@ -132,28 +134,31 @@ syn region scalaString start=/"/ end=/"/ contains=scalaStringEmbeddedQuote,scala
 hi link scalaString String
 hi link scalaStringEmbeddedQuote String
 
-syn region scalaIString matchgroup=Special start=/\<[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"/ skip=/\\"/ end=/"/ contains=scalaInterpolation,scalaInterpolationB,scalaEscapedChar,scalaUnicodeChar
-syn region scalaTripleIString matchgroup=Special start=/\<[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"""/ end=/"""\%([^"]\|$\)/ contains=scalaInterpolation,scalaInterpolationB,scalaEscapedChar,scalaUnicodeChar
+syn region scalaIString matchgroup=scalaInterpolationBrackets start=/\<[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"/ skip=/\\"/ end=/"/ contains=scalaInterpolation,scalaInterpolationB,scalaEscapedChar,scalaUnicodeChar
+syn region scalaTripleIString matchgroup=scalaInterpolationBrackets start=/\<[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"""/ end=/"""\%([^"]\|$\)/ contains=scalaInterpolation,scalaInterpolationB,scalaEscapedChar,scalaUnicodeChar
 hi link scalaIString String
 hi link scalaTripleIString String
 
 syn match scalaInterpolation /\$[a-zA-Z0-9_$]\+/ contained
-exe 'syn region scalaInterpolationB matchgroup=scalaInterpolation start=/\${/ end=/}/ contained contains=' . s:ContainedGroup()
+exe 'syn region scalaInterpolationB matchgroup=scalaInterpolationBoundary start=/\${/ end=/}/ contained contains=' . s:ContainedGroup()
 hi link scalaInterpolation Function
 hi link scalaInterpolationB Normal
 
-syn region scalaFString matchgroup=Special start=/f"/ skip=/\\"/ end=/"/ contains=scalaFInterpolation,scalaFInterpolationB,scalaEscapedChar,scalaUnicodeChar
+syn region scalaFString matchgroup=scalaInterpolationBrackets start=/f"/ skip=/\\"/ end=/"/ contains=scalaFInterpolation,scalaFInterpolationB,scalaEscapedChar,scalaUnicodeChar
 syn match scalaFInterpolation /\$[a-zA-Z0-9_$]\+\(%[-A-Za-z0-9\.]\+\)\?/ contained
-exe 'syn region scalaFInterpolationB matchgroup=scalaFInterpolation start=/${/ end=/}\(%[-A-Za-z0-9\.]\+\)\?/ contained contains=' . s:ContainedGroup()
+exe 'syn region scalaFInterpolationB matchgroup=scalaInterpolationBoundary start=/${/ end=/}\(%[-A-Za-z0-9\.]\+\)\?/ contained contains=' . s:ContainedGroup()
 hi link scalaFString String
 hi link scalaFInterpolation Function
 hi link scalaFInterpolationB Normal
 
 syn region scalaTripleString start=/"""/ end=/"""\%([^"]\|$\)/ contains=scalaEscapedChar,scalaUnicodeChar
-syn region scalaTripleFString matchgroup=Special start=/f"""/ end=/"""\%([^"]\|$\)/ contains=scalaFInterpolation,scalaFInterpolationB,scalaEscapedChar,scalaUnicodeChar
+syn region scalaTripleFString matchgroup=scalaInterpolationBrackets start=/f"""/ end=/"""\%([^"]\|$\)/ contains=scalaFInterpolation,scalaFInterpolationB,scalaEscapedChar,scalaUnicodeChar
 hi link scalaTripleString String
 hi link scalaTripleFString String
 
+hi link scalaInterpolationBrackets Special
+hi link scalaInterpolationBoundary Function
+
 syn match scalaNumber /\<0[dDfFlL]\?\>/ " Just a bare 0
 syn match scalaNumber /\<[1-9]\d*[dDfFlL]\?\>/  " A multi-digit number - octal numbers with leading 0's are deprecated in Scala
 syn match scalaNumber /\<0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]\+[dDfFlL]\?\>/ " Hex number
@@ -164,29 +169,35 @@ hi link scalaNumber Number
 
 syn region scalaRoundBrackets start="(" end=")" skipwhite contained contains=scalaTypeDeclaration,scalaSquareBrackets,scalaRoundBrackets
 
-syn region scalaSquareBrackets matchgroup=Type start="\[" end="\]" skipwhite nextgroup=scalaTypeExtension contains=scalaTypeDeclaration,scalaSquareBrackets,scalaTypeOperator,scalaTypeAnnotationParameter
+syn region scalaSquareBrackets matchgroup=scalaSquareBracketsBrackets start="\[" end="\]" skipwhite nextgroup=scalaTypeExtension contains=scalaTypeDeclaration,scalaSquareBrackets,scalaTypeOperator,scalaTypeAnnotationParameter
 syn match scalaTypeOperator /[-+=:<>]\+/ contained
 syn match scalaTypeAnnotationParameter /@\<[`_A-Za-z0-9$]\+\>/ contained
+hi link scalaSquareBracketsBrackets Type
 hi link scalaTypeOperator Keyword
 hi link scalaTypeAnnotationParameter Function
 
-syn region scalaMultilineComment start="/\*" end="\*/" contains=scalaMultilineComment,scalaDocLinks,scalaParameterAnnotation,scalaCommentAnnotation,scalaCommentCodeBlock,@scalaHtml,@Spell keepend
+syn match scalaShebang "\%^#!.*" display
+syn region scalaMultilineComment start="/\*" end="\*/" contains=scalaMultilineComment,scalaDocLinks,scalaParameterAnnotation,scalaCommentAnnotation,scalaTodo,scalaCommentCodeBlock,@scalaHtml,@Spell keepend
 syn match scalaCommentAnnotation "@[_A-Za-z0-9$]\+" contained
 syn match scalaParameterAnnotation "@param" nextgroup=scalaParamAnnotationValue skipwhite contained
 syn match scalaParamAnnotationValue /[`_A-Za-z0-9$]\+/ contained
 syn region scalaDocLinks start="\[\[" end="\]\]" contained
 syn region scalaCommentCodeBlock matchgroup=Keyword start="{{{" end="}}}" contained
+syn match scalaTodo "\vTODO|FIXME|XXX" contained
+hi link scalaShebang Comment
 hi link scalaMultilineComment Comment
 hi link scalaDocLinks Function
 hi link scalaParameterAnnotation Function
 hi link scalaParamAnnotationValue Keyword
 hi link scalaCommentAnnotation Function
+hi link scalaCommentCodeBlockBrackets String
 hi link scalaCommentCodeBlock String
+hi link scalaTodo Todo
 
 syn match scalaAnnotation /@\<[`_A-Za-z0-9$]\+\>/
 hi link scalaAnnotation PreProc
 
-syn match scalaTrailingComment "//.*$" contains=@Spell
+syn match scalaTrailingComment "//.*$" contains=scalaTodo,@Spell
 hi link scalaTrailingComment Comment
 
 syn match scalaAkkaFSM /goto([^)]*)\_s\+\<using\>/ contains=scalaAkkaFSMGotoUsing
-- 
cgit v1.2.3